Reflection aur plane mirror
Short mein jawab
Reflection chamakdaar satah, jaise mirror, pe padne pe roshni ki disha ka badalna hai. Plane mirror ka image object ke same size ka, erect, mirror ke peechhe utna hi door jitna object aage hai, hota hai aur screen pe nahi aata. Ye laterally inverted bhi hota hai: left aur right badal jaate hain.
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Mirror roshni ki disha badalta hai
Dhoop mein chamakdaar steel ki thaali ya sapaat mirror pakadkar ghumaao: roshni ka ek dhabba us deewar pe kood jaata hai jahan dhoop nahi pahunchti. Mirror jhukaao to dhabba khisakta hai. Roshni ab bhi seedhi line mein chalti hai, par chamakdaar satah se milkar nayi disha mein chal padti hai. Mirror dwara roshni ke is mudne ko hum reflection of light kehte hain. Mude hue ki jagah sapaat satah waala mirror plane mirror hai.
Mirror se milti roshni ki ek patli dhaar
Reflection ko paas se dekhne ke liye kanghi ke saare gap kaale kaagaz se band karo, sirf ek chhodkar, taaki ek patli jhiri bane. Mez pe safed kaagaz bichhaao, us pe kanghi khadi karo aur jhiri se torch chamkaao: kaagaz pe roshni ki ek patli dhaar chalti hai. Ab uske raaste mein ek plane mirror rakho. Dhaar mirror se takraakar ek nayi line mein laut aati hai. Yahi mirror pe reflection hai.
Plane mirror mein image
Plane mirror ke saamne ek pen rakho, to kaanch ke peechhe ek doosra pen khada dikhta hai. Wo dikhne waala pen image hai; asli pen object hai. Pen ko idhar udhar karo, to pata chalta hai ki image hamesha pen ke same size ka aur hamesha erect, yaani seedha hota hai. Mirror ke peechhe ya aage kaagaz pe image pakadne ki koshish karo: wo kabhi nahi aata, kyunki mirror ke peechhe asal mein koi roshni pahunchti hi nahi. Ab mirror se alag alag doori pe khade ho. Paas jaao to image bhi paas aata hai; peechhe hato to door jaata hai. Image hamesha mirror ke peechhe utna hi door hota hai jitna tum aage ho.
Left aur right badal jaate hain
Mirror ke saamne apna left haath uthaao, to image apni right taraf ka haath uthaata hai; apna right kaan chhuo, to image apna left kaan chhoota hai. Is left-right badlaav ko lateral inversion kehte hain. Isiliye ambulance ke aage AMBULANCE ulta likha hota hai: aage ki gaadi ke rear-view mirror mein wo sahi padha jaata hai. Apna naam likha kaagaz mirror ke saamne pakdo, to akshar ulte dikhte hain, par A, H, O aur T jaise akshar, jo dono taraf ek jaise hain, nahi badalte. Kaanch ke mirror se bahut pehle log pathar ya dhaatu chamkaakar khud ko dekhte the; Kerala mein dhaatu ke mirror, Aranmula Kannadi, aaj bhi banaaye jaate hain.
Periscope aur kaleidoscope
Z aakaar ki nali mein 45° pe lage do plane mirror periscope banaate hain. Kisi cheez ki roshni upar se aati hai, upar ke mirror se nali mein neeche reflect hoti hai aur neeche ke mirror se tumhari aankh tak, isliye tum wo cheezein dekh lete ho jo seedhe nahi dikhti. Submarine, tank aur bunker mein sainik periscope use karte hain, aur tum isse lambe doston ke upar se dekh sakte ho. Triangle mein jude teen mirror kaleidoscope banaate hain: ek sire pe rakhe chudiyon ke rangeen tukde baar baar reflect hote hain, isliye nali ghumaate hi naya suddol design dikhta hai.
Ye kyun zaroori hai
Mirror har jagah hain: bathroom, gaadiyon, dukaanon aur vaigyanik upkaranon mein. Mirror image ki tulna pinhole camera kaise banayein? ki ulti tasveer se karo, aur parchhaai kaise banti hai? dohrao. Textbook ke sawaalon ke jawab Chapter 11 ke NCERT solutions mein hain; poore Chapter 11 ke notes dekho.
Practice karo
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Plane mirror ke image ke baare mein kya sach NAHI hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (c) Wo screen pe aa sakta hai
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Tum plane mirror se 2 m aage khade ho. Tum apne image se kitni door ho?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (c) 4 m Image mirror ke 2 m peechhe hai, isliye tumse 2 + 2 = 4 m door.
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Kaunsa akshar plane mirror mein waisa hi dikhta hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (c) H
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Periscope kaise kaam karta hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: Periscope mein Z aakaar ki nali mein do plane mirror 45° pe, ek doosre ke parallel, lage hote hain. Kisi cheez ki roshni upar ke khule munh se aati hai, upar ke mirror se neeche ki taraf reflect hoti hai aur phir neeche ke mirror se aankh tak, isliye tum deewar ya bheed ke upar dekh sakte ho.
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Kaleidoscope mein badalte design kyun dikhte hain?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: Isme triangle mein jude teen mirror rangeen tukdon ko baar baar reflect karte hain, yaani reflection ke reflection banate hain. Tukde kai baar ek suddol design mein dikhte hain, aur nali ghumaane pe naya design ban jaata hai.
Students ke sawal
Reflection of light kya hai?
Mirror ya chamakdaar steel ki thaali jaisi satah pe padne pe roshni ki disha ka badalna reflection hai. Isi se mirror dhoop ka dhabba chhaaon waali deewar pe phenk sakta hai.
Plane mirror ke image ki khaasiyatein kya hain?
Wo object ke same size ka, erect (seedha), mirror ke peechhe utna hi door jitna object aage hai, laterally inverted (left aur right badle hue) hota hai, aur screen pe nahi laaya ja sakta.
Lateral inversion kya hai?
Mirror image mein left aur right ka badalna: tum left haath uthaao to image right haath uthaata dikhta hai. Isiliye ambulance pe AMBULANCE ulta likha hota hai, taaki aage ke drivers use apne rear-view mirror mein sahi padh sakein.
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