Class 6 Science Chapter 12 NCERT Solutions Hinglish mein: Beyond Earth

Curiosity (Reprint 2026-27) ke Chapter 12, Beyond Earth, ki Activities 12.1 se 12.4, in-text sawalon, “Let us enhance our learning” ke saare 11 sawalon aur Learning further tasks ke jawab. Page numbers book se match karte hain. Aasmaan dekhna jagah, taareekh aur mausam pe nirbhar hai, isliye tumhare observations thode alag ho sakte hain. Short notes: Chapter 12 notes.

Activity 12.1: let us draw (page 232)

Fig. 12.2 ke chamakdaar taaron ko kaalpanik lines se jod ke patterns banao, har pattern ko us jaanwar ya cheez ka naam do jiski wo yaad dilaaye, aur uski ek kahani banao. Kya dikhega: tumhare dost unhi taaron ko alag tarah jodte hain aur unhe alag naam aur kahaniyan dete hain. Bahut pehle alag sanskritiyon ke logon ne bhi yahi kiya tha, isiliye kai sanskritiyon ke taaron ke patterns ke apne naam hain.

Taare aur constellations (pages 233–236)

Kya hum taaron mein patterns sirf mazze ke liye dhoondhte hain, ya inka koi kaam bhi hai? Dono. Patterns sochna mazedaar hai, aur inse taare pehchaanne mein bhi madad milti hai. Magnetic compass se pehle inse naavik aur musaafir samudra ya zameen pe disha dhoondhte the, aur emergency mein ye aaj bhi backup tareeka hain.

Raat ke aasmaan mein kuch constellations kaise pehchaanein? Fig. 12.3 aur Fig. 12.4 jaisi tasveeron se har pattern ki shape seekho, pata karo ki tumhari jagah se wo kab aur aasmaan ke kis hisse mein dikhega (Sky Map ya Stellarium jaisa sky-map app madad karta hai), aur pehle uske sabse chamakdaar taare dhoondho, jaise Orion ki belt ke teen taare ya Big Dipper ke saat taare.

Kya hum apni jagah se kisi bhi raat koi bhi constellation ya taara dhoondh sakte hain? Nahi. Saare taare aur constellations Dharti ki har jagah se, ya saal ki har raat, nahi dikhte. Jaise, Pole Star southern hemisphere se nahi dikhta, aur India mein Orion December se April tak, sooraj dhalne ke baad, sabse aasaani se dikhta hai.

Activity 12.2: Big Dipper aur Pole Star (page 238)

Garmiyon mein raat lagbhag 9 baje aasmaan ke North waale hisse ki taraf dekho aur Big Dipper ke saat taare dhoondho. Uske cup ke aakhri do taare, yaani pointers, lo aur unse North ki taraf jaati ek seedhi line socho. In do taaron ki doori ke lagbhag paanch guna aage, line ek zyaada chamakdaar nahi waale taare tak pahunchti hai: wahi Pole Star hai.

Activity 12.3: Orion aur Sirius (page 238)

December se April ke beech, sooraj dhalne ke baad, ek chhoti seedhi line mein paas-paas teen chamakdaar taare dhoondho: ye Orion ki belt hai. Phir in teen taaron se hoti ek seedhi line socho aur east ki taraf chalo. Ye Sirius tak le jaati hai, raat ke aasmaan ka sabse chamakdaar taara.

Hamara Solar System (pages 238–247)

Hamare sabse paas ka taara kaunsa hai? Sun. Sun ke baad sabse paas ka taara Proxima Centauri hai, lagbhag 2,69,000 au door.

Sun bhi ek taara hai. Phir wo bada kyun dikhta hai aur aasmaan roshan kyun karta hai, jabki baaki taare bindu jaise dikhte hain aur din mein nahi dikhte? Sun baaki taaron se kahin zyaada paas hai, isliye wo kahin bada aur chamakdaar dikhta hai. Baaki taare itne door hain ki bindu jaise lagte hain, bhale hi kuch Sun se kahin bade hain. Din mein Sun itna chamakdaar hota hai ki baaki taare nahi dikhte.

Kya aasmaan mein sirf taare hain? Nahi. Planets, moons, asteroids aur comets bhi hain, jo Sun ke saath Solar System banaate hain, aur uske paar Milky Way aur doosri galaxies hain.

Kya hum planet bhi waise hi pehchaan sakte hain jaise constellations? Haan. Venus sabse aasaan hai: Sun aur Moon ke baad ye aasmaan ka sabse chamakdaar object hai. Mercury, Mars, Jupiter aur Saturn bhi nangi aankh se dikhte hain. Ye chamakte bindu lagte hain, par taaron ki tarah zyaada timtimaate nahi.

Jo planets nangi aankh se nahi dikhte, unhe kaise dekhein? Binoculars se ya, aur achha, telescope se, jo objects ko zyaada chamakdaar aur bada dikhata hai aur ve dhundhle objects bhi dikhata hai jo aankh se nahi dikhte. Colleges, astronomy clubs, museums aur planetariums ke night sky events mein aksar students ko telescope istemaal karne milta hai.

Kya koi objects planets ke chakkar lagaate hain? Haan, satellites. Moons natural satellites hain: Dharti ka ek Moon hai, Mars ke do, aur Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus aur Neptune ke kai.

Solar System ke paar kya hai? Anginat doosre taare. Solar System hamari galaxy, Milky Way, ka hissa hai, jisme laakhon se arabon taare hain.

Milky Way Galaxy ke paar kya hai? Space mein kai aur galaxies; ye sab Universe ka hissa hain.

Kya Universe mein kahin aur jeevan hai? Abhi hum nahi jaante. Vaigyanik khoj rahe hain, zyaadatar exoplanets pe, yaani doosre taaron ke chakkar lagaane waale planets, par ab tak jeevan ka koi saboot nahi mila.

Activity 12.4: Venus dhoondhna (page 243)

Sky-map app ki madad se pata karo ki aajkal Venus subah dikhta hai ya shaam ko. Subah, sooraj nikalne se pehle east ke paas dekho; shaam ko, sooraj dhalne ke baad west ke paas dekho. Aasmaan ke us hisse mein ye sabse chamakdaar roshni ka bindu hai aur zyaada timtimaata nahi.

Let us enhance our learning (pages 249–251)

1. Columns milaao.

Column I	Column II
(i) Satellite of Earth	(d) Moon
(ii) Red planet	(c) Mars
(iii) Constellation	(a) Orion
(iv) Planet which is commonly called an evening star	(b) Venus

2. Paheli suljhao, aur apni do paheliyan banao.

(i) MAN mein hai par CAN mein nahi: M; ACE aur FAN dono mein: A; RAT mein hai par CAT mein nahi: R; SUN mein hai par FUN mein nahi: S. Planet hai MARS.

(ii) Do paheliyan (English letters ke saath, book jaisi):

• My first letter is in VAN but not in CAN; my second is in BEE but not in BOO; my third is in NUT but not in CUT; my fourth is in RUN but not in RAN; my fifth is in SIT but not in BIT. I am the brightest planet in the sky. (VENUS)
• My first letter is in PEN but not in PIN; my second is in CAT but not in COT; my third is in RAM but not in HAM; my fourth is in TOP but not in POP; my fifth is in HAT but not in CAT. I am the Blue Planet, with one Moon. (EARTH)

3. Inme se kaun hamare Solar System ka sadasya nahi hai?

(i) Sirius. Ye Solar System se bahut door ka ek taara hai. Comets, asteroids aur dwarf planet Pluto, sab Sun ke chakkar lagaate hain.

4. Inme se kaun Sun ka planet nahi hai?

(ii) Pluto. 2006 se ise dwarf planet kehte hain. Jupiter, Neptune aur Saturn planets hain.

5. Kaun zyaada chamakdaar taara hai, Pole Star ya Sirius?

Sirius. Ye raat ke aasmaan ka sabse chamakdaar taara hai, jabki Pole Star zyaada chamakdaar nahi hai.

6. Kya Fig. 12.12 mein planets ka kram sahi hai?

Nahi. Do jodiyon ki jagah ulti hai: neeli Earth doosre number pe bani hai, jahan Venus hona chahiye, aur Venus teesre pe; aur Uranus (halka neela, ek patli khadi ring ke saath) chhathe number pe, Saturn (bade rings waale) se pehle bana hai. Sun se bahar ki taraf boxes mein hona chahiye: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.

7. Fig. 12.13 mein Big Dipper, Little Dipper aur Pole Star dhoondho.

Saat chamakdaar taare dhoondho jo ek mude hue handle waala cup banaate hain: ye Big Dipper hai. Inhe jodo. Cup ke bahari sire ke do taare, yaani pointers, lo aur unse hoti line ko unki doori ke lagbhag paanch guna aage le jao: Pole Star milega. Pole Star Little Dipper ke handle ka sira hai; ise un dhundhle taaron se jodo jo isse mudte hue ek chhote cup pe khatam hote hain. Teeno ko label karo. (Upar hamara diagram aasmaan mein dikhne jaise yahi patterns dikhata hai.)

8. Fig. 12.14 mein Orion banao aur Sirius label karo.

Ek chhoti seedhi line mein teen taare, yaani Orion ki belt, aur unke aas-paas ke chaar chamakdaar taare dhoondho, do upar (kandhe) aur do neeche (pair). Inhe jod ke shikaari ki shape banao. Phir belt ki line ke saath east ki taraf us hisse ke sabse chamakdaar taare tak chalo aur use Sirius label karo.

9. Din mein taare kyun nahi dikhte?

Taare din mein bhi aasmaan mein hote hain, par Sun, kahin zyaada paas hone se, bahut chamakdaar hai aur uski roshni door ke taaron ki halki roshni ko dabaa deti hai. (Extra: hawa sooraj ki roshni ko bikher ke poore aasmaan ko roshan kar deti hai.) Subah jaise-jaise aasmaan roshan hota hai, taare ek-ek karke fade ho jaate hain; shaam ko andhera hone pe ve phir dikhne lagte hain.

10. Har 2 se 3 ghante mein Big Dipper dekho. Kya wo chalta dikhta hai?

Haan. Raat bhar Big Dipper Pole Star ke chaaron taraf ek circle mein chalta dikhta hai, jabki Pole Star lagbhag usi jagah rehta hai. North ki taraf dekhne pe ye anticlockwise ghoomta hai, har teen ghante mein poore circle ka lagbhag aathwaan hissa, aur iske do pointer taare hamesha Pole Star ki taraf ishaara karte hain. Apne sketch mein beech mein Pole Star banao aur har observation ke samay ka Big Dipper, uske saath samay likh ke. (Extra: aisa isliye hota hai kyunki Dharti apni dhuri pe ghoomti hai.)

11. Raat ke aasmaan pe ek kavita ya kahani likho.

Ek sample kavita:

Sooraj dooba, aasmaan hua kaala,
jaag uthe taare, shahar sone waala.
Orion khada, belt mein teen sitaare,
peeche chamke Sirius, sabse pyaare.
Saptarishi ghoome Dhruva ke chaaron or,
Dhruva tika rahe, dikhaaye North ki or.
Aur door kahin roshni ki ek dhaara,
Akash Ganga bahe, saara aasmaan hamaara.

Learning further (pages 251–252)

• Apni bhasha mein planets ke naam: jaise Hindi mein Budh (Mercury), Shukra (Venus), Prithvi (Earth), Mangal (Mars), Brihaspati ya Guru (Jupiter), Shani (Saturn), Arun (Uranus) aur Varun (Neptune). Chitron mein banaane layak kahaniyan: Saptarishi aur Dhruva, Central India ki janjaatiyon ki naani ki khaat, aur Konkan ke machhuaaron ki naav.
• Planetarium ya science museum: night sky session mein jao aur telescope se Moon, planets aur taare dekho, ya din mein models, tasveerein aur sky shows dekho.
• Light pollution: (Extra) raat ki tez roshni logon ki neend bigaad sakti hai, raat mein migrate karne waale pakshiyon aur samudra dhoondhte samudri kachhuon ke bachchon ko bhatka sakti hai, keedon ko lampon ke paas jama kar deti hai, aur bijli barbaad karti hai. Ek apna kadam: jo lights zaroori nahi, unhe band karo, aur neeche ki taraf roshni daalne waale dhake lamp use karo.
• Hanle, Ladakh: (Extra) Indian Institute of Astrophysics ne Hanle isliye chuna kyunki ye ek thanda, sookha registaan hai jahan baarish aur hawa mein nami bahut kam hai, zyaadatar raatein saaf aur bina baadal ki hoti hain, lagbhag 4,500 m ki oonchaai pe hawa patli hai, aur roshni ka pradooshan lagbhag nahi hai. Iski observatory mein Himalayan Chandra Telescope hai, aur ye ilaaka December 2022 mein Hanle Dark Sky Reserve bana.
• Embroidery ya art: jo constellations tumne dekhe, unhe gehre rang ke kapde ya kaagaz pe safed ya peele dhaage ya rang se banao.