Class 7 Maths Chapter 2: Arithmetic Expressions (Hinglish Notes)
Ye chapter 5 lines mein
Arithmetic Expressions chapter 30 + 5 × 4 jaise expressions ko padhne aur unki value nikaalne ke baare mein hai. Tum expressions ki tulna tark se karte ho, unhe terms mein todte ho, brackets se tay karte ho ki pehle kya hoga, terms ko kisi bhi kram mein jodte ho, brackets sahi tarah hatate ho aur distributive property seekhte ho, jo guna jaldi karna bhi sikhati hai.
Ye chapter kis baare mein hai?
13 + 2 aur 12 × 5 jaisi cheezein tum saalon se likh rahe ho. Ye chapter aise arithmetic expressions ko dhyaan se dekhta hai: unki value kya hai, unki tulna kaise karein, aur lamba expression kaise padhein taaki sabko ek hi jawab mile. Saath hi ye teen properties ke naam bataata hai jinhe tum bina naam jaane use karte aaye ho: commutative, associative aur distributive.
Saral expressions aur unki value
Har expression ki ek value hoti hai, yaani wo sankhya jo use hal karne pe milti hai, aur barabar ka chinh dono ko jodta hai: 13 + 2 = 15. Mallika ka school ka lunch roz ₹25 ka hai, to Monday se Friday tak ka kharch 5 × 25 hai. Kai expressions ki value ek hi ho sakti hai: 10 + 2, 15 − 3, 3 × 4 aur 24 ÷ 2, sab 12 hain.
Tark se tulna
Expressions ki tulna =, < aur > se hoti hai, aur aksar bina hal kiye. Raja ke paas 1023 marbles hain aur use 125 aur milte hain; Joy ke paas 1022 hain aur use 128 milte hain. Raja shuruaat mein 1 aage hai, par Joy ko 3 zyaada milte hain, isliye 1023 + 125 < 1022 + 128. Aur 113 − 25 = 112 − 24, kyunki jiske paas 1 zyaada tha, usne 1 zyaada khoya bhi. Aur padho expressions ki value kaise nikalein mein.
Lambe expressions padhna
Ek vaakya ke do matlab ho sakte hain jab tak comma use saaf na kare. Expressions ke saath bhi aisa hota hai. Mallesh ke paas 30 marbles the aur Arun ke paas 4-4 marbles waale 5 thaile, to Mallesh ne likha 30 + 5 × 4. Purna ne pehle joda aur 140 paaya; Mallesh ne pehle guna kiya aur 50 paaya, jo sahi hai. Aisi uljhan door karne ke liye ganit mein do auzaar hain:
- Brackets: inke andar ka hisaab pehle karo. Irfan ne biscuit (₹15) aur toor dal (₹56) ke liye ₹100 diye, to use 100 − (15 + 56) = 29 rupaye waapas milenge.
- Terms: expression ke wo hisse jo + chinh se jude hain. Har ghatav ko inverse jodne ki tarah likhte hain, isliye 83 − 14 ke terms 83 aur −14 hain, aur 6 × 5 + 3 ke terms 6 × 5 aur 3.
Value nikaalne ke liye pehle brackets, phir har term, phir terms ka jod.
Terms ki jagah badalna aur samooh banaana
Ek drone 6 m upar aur 4 m neeche jaata hai: 6 − 4 = 6 + (−4) = 2, aur terms ki jagah badalkar (−4) + 6 bhi 2 hi deta hai. Teen terms mein (−7) + 10 + (−11) ka jod −8 hai, chaahe pehle koi bhi do terms jodo. Yaani terms ko kisi bhi kram mein joda ja sakta hai: jagah badalna addition ki commutative property hai aur samooh banaana associative property. Roz ke kaam hamesha aise nahi hote: topi aur joote kisi bhi kram mein pehen sakte ho, par moze jooton se pehle hi pehne jaate hain. Dekho terms aur brackets.
Brackets hatana
200 − (40 + 3) ko 200 − 40 − 3 ki tarah hal kar sakte hain: dono sankhyaayein ghatti hain. 500 − (250 − 100) mein poora 250 ghatane se 100 zyaada ghat jaata hai, isliye 100 waapas jodte hain: 500 − 250 + 100. Yaani brackets se pehle minus ho to andar ke har term ka chinh ulat jaata hai, aur plus ho to chinh wahi rehte hain: Hira ke sikke, 28 + (35 − 10), 28 + 35 − 10 = 53 hain.
Terms badlo, value dekho
Ek term badlo to value bhi utni hi badalti hai. 53 + (−16) = 37 hai, to 54 + (−16) = 38, aur 53 + (−15) bhi 38, kyunki −15, −16 se 1 zyaada hai. Jasoda ka tareeka bhi yahi hai: 9 ghatana ho to 10 ghatao aur 1 jodo, kyunki 36 − 9 = 36 − (10 − 1) = 36 − 10 + 1.
Distributive property
Lhamo aur Norbu ne ek-ek cutlet (₹43) aur rasgulla (₹24) order kiya. Dono ka bill 2 × (43 + 24) hai, jo 2 × 43 + 2 × 24 = 134 rupaye ke barabar hai. 2 × 43 + 24 likhne se sirf ek rasgulla ka paisa judta. Parade mein 5-5 ki 4 panktiyon mein scouts aur 5-5 ki 3 panktiyon mein guides hain: 4 × 5 + 3 × 5 = (4 + 3) × 5 = 35 bachche. Saamaanya niyam, jod (ya antar) ka guna guna-phalon ka jod (ya antar) hai, distributive property kehlata hai. Isse guna jaldi hota hai: 53 × 18 = 954 hai, to 63 × 18 = 954 + 10 × 18 = 1134, aur 97 × 25 = 100 × 25 − 3 × 25 = 2425. Padho distributive property kya hai.
Expression Engineer
Chapter paheliyon pe khatm hota hai: teen 3, chaar 4, sankhyaayein 1, 2, 3, 4 aur 5, aur 0 se 9 tak saare digits se expressions banao. Jaise 0 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 × 9 = 100. Har sawaal, Figure it Out aur paheliyon ke jawab Chapter 2 ke NCERT solutions mein hain.
Key terms (zaroori shabd)
| Term | Matlab |
|---|---|
| Arithmetic expression | Sankhyaon aur operation ke chinhon se bana ganit ka vaakya, jaise 13 + 2, 20 − 4 ya 5 × (3 + 2). |
| Value | Wo sankhya jo expression hal karne pe milti hai. 13 + 2 ki value 15 hai, aur hum likhte hain 13 + 2 = 15. |
| Term | Expression ka wo hissa jo baaki se + chinh se juda ho. 23 − 2 × 4 + 16 ke terms 23, −2 × 4 aur 16 hain. |
| Brackets | Ye expression ke us hisse ko gherte hain jise pehle hal karna hai: 100 − (15 + 56) = 100 − 71 = 29. |
| Inverse | Ulte chinh waali wahi sankhya: 14 ka inverse −14 hai. Kisi sankhya ko ghatana uske inverse ko jodne jaisa hai. |
| Commutative property of addition | Do terms ki jagah badalne se jod nahi badalta: 6 + (−4) = (−4) + 6. |
| Associative property of addition | Terms ko alag tarah se samooh mein jodne se jod nahi badalta: ((−7) + 10) + (−11) = (−7) + (10 + (−11)) = −8. |
| Brackets hatana | Brackets se pehle minus ho to andar ka har chinh ulat jaata hai: 200 − (40 + 3) = 200 − 40 − 3. Plus ho to chinh wahi rehte hain. |
| Distributive property | Jod ya antar ka guna, guna-phalon ke jod ya antar ke barabar hota hai: 5 × (4 + 3) = 5 × 4 + 5 × 3. |
Is chapter ke topics
Practice karo
-
30 + 5 × 4 ki value kya hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (b) 50
-
23 − 2 × 4 + 16 ke terms kya hain?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (c) 23, −2 × 4 aur 16
-
Kaunsa expression 200 − (40 + 3) ke barabar hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (d) 200 − 40 − 3
-
Kaunsa expression 500 − (250 − 100) ke barabar hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (a) 500 − 250 + 100
-
Kaunsa expression 2 × (43 + 24) ke barabar hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (b) 2 × 43 + 2 × 24
-
Bina hal kiye 213 − 77 aur 214 − 76 ki tulna karo.
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (c) 213 − 77 chhota hai
Students ke sawal
Class 7 Maths Chapter 2 ke mukhya topics kya hain?
Saral expressions aur unki value; tark se expressions ki tulna; brackets aur terms ki madad se lambe expressions padhna aur hal karna; terms ki jagah badalna aur samooh banaana; brackets hatana; ek term badalkar nayi value ka andaaza lagaana; aur distributive property, jisse guna jaldi hota hai. Chapter Expression Engineer paheliyon pe khatm hota hai.
Kya Arithmetic Expressions naye Ganita Prakash mein hai?
Haan. Ye Ganita Prakash, Class 7 Maths ki kitaab Part 1 (Reprint 2026-27) ka Chapter 2 hai, pages 24 se 45 tak. Ye Large Numbers Around Us ke baad aata hai aur un negative sankhyaon, yaani integers, ka use karta hai jo tumne Class 6 mein padhe.
30 + 5 × 4 ka jawab 50 kyun hai, 140 kyun nahi?
Kyunki 5 × 4 ek hi term hai, aur terms jodne se pehle hal kiye jaate hain: 30 + 20 = 50. 140 tab aata hai jab 30 aur 5 pehle jode jaayein, jiske liye brackets chahiye: (30 + 5) × 4. Chapter ki kahaani mein bhi 30 marbles aur 4-4 marbles ke 5 thaile milkar 50 marbles hi bante hain.
Kya chapter BODMAS sikhata hai?
Nahi. Kitaab koi ratta waala niyam use nahi karti. Uski jagah do vichaar hain: pehle brackets ke andar ka hisaab karo, aur expression ko terms mein todo, yaani + se jude hisson mein. Har term ko hal karo, jisme × ya ÷ ho sakta hai, aur phir terms jodo. Isse wahi jawab milte hain, aur saath mein wajah bhi samajh aati hai.
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