Earth ka rotation aur revolution

Sun chalta hai ya Earth?

Har din Sun East mein ugta hai, aasmaan paar karta hai aur West mein doobta hai. Sochna aasaan hai ki Sun safar kar raha hai. Par Class 6 mein tumne padha ki Earth chalti hai. To sach kya hai? Merry-go-round ki ek sawaari jawab deti hai.

Merry-go-round se seekh

Merry-go-round pe baahar ki taraf munh karke baitho aur kisi se use dheere anti-clockwise ghumaane ko kaho. Aas paas ke ped aur imaaratein ulti taraf, clockwise, guzarti dikhti hain. Jis ped ko tum dekh rahe ho wo tumhare baayein se aata hai, saamne se guzarta hai aur daayein ojhal ho jaata hai, jabki wo hila tak nahi. Sun ke saath bhi yahi hota hai. Wo East se West chalta dikhta hai kyunki hum use ghoomti Earth se dekhte hain.

Ghoomti Earth

Lattu, pankhe ya ghoomti ball ki tarah Earth apni axis pe rotate karti hai: uska har hissa uske andar se guzarti ek kaalpanik line ke chaaron taraf gol ghoomta hai. Earth ki axis bhaugolik North Pole aur South Pole se guzarti hai, aur ek rotation mein lagbhag 24 ghante lagte hain. North Pole ke upar se dekhne pe Earth anti-clockwise, yaani West se East, ghoomti hai.

Din aur raat

Andhere kamre mein lagbhag 1.5 metre door se globe pe torch chamkaao. Sirf torch ki taraf ka aadha hissa roshan hota hai; baaki aadha andhera rehta hai. Earth pe roshan aadhe mein din aur andhere aadhe mein raat hoti hai. Globe ko West se East ghumaao aur apne shehar ke sticker ko dekho: wo roshni mein aata hai (sunrise), torch ke saamne hota hai (dopahar), andhere mein jaata hai (sunset), aur ghoom kar phir aata hai. Isiliye poorvi India mein sunrise pehle hota hai. Equator pe khade kisi insaan ko Sun subah East mein dikhta hai, dopahar ke aas paas sir ke upar hota hai aur shaam ko West mein doobta hai, jiske baad taare nikal aate hain.

Ghoomta aasmaan

Taare bhi East mein ugte aur West mein doobte dikhte hain. March se May ke beech kisi shaam Big Dipper, yaani Saptarishi, ko har do ghante pe dekho: wo dheere dheere Pole Star, Dhruva Tara, ke chaaron taraf ghoomta hai. Pole Star lagbhag nahi hilta, kyunki Earth ki axis lagbhag seedhe uski taraf hai. Der tak khule camera mein taare gol chaap banaate hain, jinhe star trails kehte hain. Moon bhi isi wajah se East mein ugta aur West mein doobta hai.

Aryabhata ne 5th sadi CE ke aas paas apni Aryabhatiya mein ise samjhaaya: aage badhti naav mein baitha aadmi ruke kinaare ko peechhe jaata dekhta hai, aur waise hi sthir taare West ki taraf chalte dikhte hain. Ek rotation ke liye unka maan, lagbhag 23 ghante 56 minute 4.1 second, aaj ke maan ke kamaal ka kareeb hai. 19th sadi mein Leon Foucault ne ek lambe pendulum se rotation dikhaaya, aur ab India ki nayi Parliament imaarat mein 22 metre ka Foucault pendulum latakta hai.

Sun ka chakkar

Rotate karte hue Earth Sun ke chaaron taraf revolve bhi karti hai. Uska raasta, yaani orbit, upar se dekhne pe lagbhag gol hai, aur ek revolution mein lagbhag 365 din 6 ghante lagte hain. Orbit pe aage badhte hue Earth ka raat waala hissa antariksh ke alag hisse ki taraf dekhta hai, isliye sunset pe ugne waale taare mahine dar mahine badalte hain. Tapi ghaati ke Bhil aur Pawara samudaay kuch taaron ko dekhkar jaan lete the ki monsoon aa raha hai.

Ye kyun zaroori hai

Rotation har din ki taal tay karta hai, aur revolution saal ki. Revolution aur jhuki axis se seasons kaise bante hain, ye seasons kyun badalte hain? mein dekho, aur surya grahan aur chandra grahan ke baare mein padho. Textbook ke sawaalon ke jawab Chapter 12 ke NCERT solutions mein hain; poore Chapter 12 ke notes dekho.