Neutralisation: jab acid base se milta hai
Short mein jawab
Neutralisation acid aur base ke beech ki kriya hai. Sahi maatra mein milkar dono ek doosre ko khatm karte hain, to nateeja na acidic hota hai na basic: acid + base se namak + paani bante hain aur garmi nikalti hai. Isse cheenti ke kaatne ki jalan ghatti hai, mitti theek hoti hai aur factory kachra surakshit banta hai.
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Jab acid base se milta hai
Acid aur base ulte jaise hain. Sahi maatra mein milaao to ek doosre ko khatm kar dete hain. Is kriya ko neutralisation kehte hain, aur chapter ise ek saral test tube prayog se dikhata hai.
Activity 2.7: nimbu ka ras aur choone ka paani
Test tube mein nimbu ke ras ki ek boond lagbhag bees boond paani ke saath milaao. Neele litmus ghol ki ek boond daalo: ye laal ho jaata hai, kyunki nimbu ka ras acidic hai. Ab choone ka paani, jo base hai, boond boond daalo aur har baar tube hilaao. Kuch der kuch nahi lagta, phir achaanak rang laal se neela ho jaata hai. Ghol ab acidic nahi raha: choone ke paani ne acid ko neutral kar diya. Nimbu ke ras ki ek aur boond daalo to ye phir laal ho sakta hai, jo dikhata hai ki mishran santulan ke kitna paas hai.
Neutralisation se kya banta hai
Jab kaafi acid aur base kriya karte hain, nateeja na acidic hota hai na basic. Naye padaarth bante hain, ek namak (salt) aur paani, aur garmi nikalti hai, isliye mishran thoda garam ho jaata hai:
Acid + Base → Namak + Paani + Garmi
Yahan namak ka matlab kriya se bana chemical hai; khaane ka namak bas ek tarah ka salt hai.
Cheenti ka kaatna
Keerthi titli dekh rahi thi tabhi ek laal cheenti ne uske haath pe kaat liya, aur laal, jalta hua nishaan reh gaya. Uske bhai ne us pe geela baking soda ragda, aur dard kam ho gaya. Kyun? Cheenti ke kaatne se twacha mein formic acid jaata hai, aur baking soda base hai, isliye wo acid ko neutral kar deta hai.
Mitti ki dekhbhaal
Ek kisaan ne sarkaari farmers portal pe likha ki uske paudhe theek se nahi badh rahe. Wajah thi zyaada chemical khaad, jisne mitti ko acidic bana diya tha. Ilaaj hai choona daalna, jo base hai. Mitti zyaada basic bhi ho sakti hai; tab kisaan khaad aur sadi hui pattiyon jaisa organic padaarth daalte hain, jo galne pe acid chhodta hai. Aur agar mitti neutral nikle par paudhe phir bhi kamzor hon, to samasya poshak tatvon ki kami ho sakti hai.
Jheel ki raksha
Gurbir ek industrial ilaake ke paas rehta hai aur usne dekha ki paas ki jheel mein machhliyan khatm ho rahi thin. Ek sambhav wajah hai jheel mein behta factory ka kachra. Agar kachra acidic hai, to chhodne se pehle basic padaarth daalkar use neutral karna chahiye, taaki paani machhliyon ke liye surakshit rahe.
Aas-paas ke aur udaaharan
Extra: do aur roz ke maamle isi vichaar pe chalte hain. Acidity ke liye li jaane waali antacid golliyon mein halka base hota hai jo pet ke faaltu acid ko neutral karta hai. Aur toothpaste aam taur pe basic hota hai, jo meethe khaane se munh ke bacteria ke banaaye acid ko khatm karne mein madad karta hai, isliye khaane ke baad brush karna daanton ko bachaata hai.
Ye kyun zaroori hai
Neutralisation roz ki chemistry hai: pratham upchaar, kheti aur nadiyon aur jheelon ki raksha mein. Koi cheez acidic hai ya basic, kaise jaanchein ye acids, bases aur indicators aur natural indicators kaise banayein mein seekho. Kitaab ke har sawaal ka jawab Chapter 2 ke NCERT solutions mein hai; poore Chapter 2 ke notes bhi dekho.
Practice karo
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Activity 2.7 mein kaafi choone ka paani daalne ke baad neele litmus waala nimbu ka ghol kis rang ka ho jaata hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (b) Neela
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Zyaada acidic ho gayi mitti mein kya daalte hain?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (b) Choona
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Neutralisation se kya banta hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (b) Namak aur paani, garmi ke saath
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Laal cheenti ke kaatne ke baad geela baking soda kyun madad karta hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: Cheenti twacha mein formic acid daalti hai, jo acid hai. Baking soda base hai, isliye use ragadne se acid neutral ho jaata hai aur jalan kam hoti hai.
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Basic mitti mein khaad ya compost kyun daalte hain?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: Khaad aur sadi hui pattiyon jaisa organic padaarth tootte waqt acid chhodta hai. Ye acid mitti ki basic prakriti ko neutral karte hain, jisse paudhe behtar badhte hain.
Students ke sawal
Neutralisation kya hai?
Ye acid aur base ke beech ki kriya hai. Dono kaafi maatra mein milein to ek doosre ka asar khatm kar dete hain, aur ghol na acidic rehta hai na basic. Namak aur paani bante hain, aur garmi nikalti hai: acid + base → namak + paani + garmi.
Activity 2.7 neutralisation kaise dikhati hai?
Paani mein nimbu ke ras ki ek boond neele litmus ghol se laal ho jaati hai, yaani ye acidic hai. Choone ka paani, jo base hai, boond boond hilaate hue daalne pe aakhir mein ghol neela ho jaata hai: acid neutral ho gaya aur ghol ab acidic nahi. Nimbu ke ras ki ek aur boond use phir laal kar sakti hai.
Factory ka kachra jheel ko kaise nuksaan pahunchata hai, aur neutralisation kaise madad karta hai?
Agar factory acidic kachra jheel mein chhode, to paani machhliyon ke liye haanikaarak ho sakta hai aur unki sankhya ghat sakti hai. Kachre ko chhodne se pehle basic padaarth se neutral karne se jheel surakshit rehti hai.
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