Class 7 Science Chapter 9 NCERT Solutions Hinglish mein: Life Processes in Animals

Curiosity (Reprint 2026-27) ke Chapter 9, Life Processes in Animals, ke har sawaal ka jawab: text ke beech ke sawaal aur activities, “Let Us Enhance Our Learning” ke saare 10 sawaal kaaran ke saath, aur exploratory projects. Page numbers book ke hisaab se hain (pages 121–136). Activities mein sample observations hain; tumhare thode alag ho sakte hain. Short notes: Chapter 9 ke notes.

Khaana aur muh (pages 122–123)

Apne aas-paas dekho ki jaanwar kya khaate hain. Jawab alag ho sakte hain. Udaharan: gaay aur bakri ghaas aur patte khaati hain, gauraiya daane khaati hai, kauwa lagbhag sab kuch khaata hai, titli, madhumakkhi aur sunbird phoolon ka ras choosti hain, chhipkali keede khaati hai, billi chuhe aur machhli khaati hai, aur pille aur bachde maa ka doodh peete hain.

Apne pasandeeda khaane ke baare mein socho. Kya muh mein paani aata hai? Haan. Sirf swaadisht khaane ke baare mein sochne se muh mein zyaada saliva aata hai.

Saliva ka kya kaam hai? Chapati 30–60 second chabaane pe kya mehsoos hota hai? Chapati meethi lagne lagti hai. Chapati mein starch hota hai, aur saliva ka ek ras starch ko sugar mein todta hai. Saliva khaane ko geela aur naram bhi karta hai taaki wo aasaani se nigla ja sake.

Pata karo ki bade-buzurg muh ki safaai kaise rakhte the. Jawab alag ho sakte hain. Bade aksar batate hain: neem ya babool ki daatun se daant saaf karna, namak ya manjan se daant ragadna, har khaane ke baad kulla karna, jeebh saaf karna, aur namak waale paani se garaare karna.

Activity 9.1: starch pe saliva ka asar (pages 123–124)

Table 9.1 ke liye sample observations:

Test tube	Iodine se pehle → baad ka rang, aur kaaran
A: Ubla chawal	Safed sa → blue-black: starch maujood hai
B: Chabaaya ubla chawal	Safed sa → koi badlaav nahi, ya bahut halka blue-black: saliva ne zyaadatar starch sugar mein tod diya

Test tube A mein rang kyun badla? Iodine uble chawal ke starch ke saath milkar blue-black rang deta hai.

Agar test tube B mein bhi rang aaye to activity mein kya badlaav karoge? Zyaada der chabaane se kya hoga? Chawal ko zyaada der, jaise 2 minute, chabaao, kam maatra lo, aur iodine daalne se pehle kuch minute ruko taaki saliva ko kaam karne ka zyaada samay mile. Zyaada der chabaane se blue-black rang kam aata hai, kyunki zyaada starch toot chuka hota hai.

Alimentary canal mein aage (pages 124–127)

Khaana food pipe mein neeche kaise jaata hai? Iski deewaarein lehar ki tarah sikudti aur failti hain aur khaane ko stomach tak dhakelti hain. Ye harkat poore alimentary canal mein hoti hai.

Andaaza lagao, small intestine kitni lambi hai? Lagbhag 6 m, classroom ki oonchaai ki lagbhag dugni. Ye alimentary canal ka sabse lamba hissa hai.

Small intestine se nutrients kaise absorb hote hain? Iski andar ki parat patli hai aur usme hazaaron ungli jaise ubhaar hain jo surface area badhaate hain. Pache hue nutrients inke zariye blood mein jaate hain, jo unhe sharir ke har hisse tak le jaata hai.

Na pache khaane ka kya hota hai? Wo large intestine mein jaata hai, jo paani aur kuch namak sokhti hai, aur aadha thos stool bachta hai. Stool rectum mein rukta hai aur anus se nikalta hai (egestion).

Large intestine sirf lagbhag 1.5 m lambi hai. Phir ise large kyun kehte hain? Kyunki ye small intestine se zyaada chaudi hai.

Gaay khaate na hue bhi chabaati kyun rehti hai? Gaay ruminant hai. Wo ghaas thodi chabaakar nigal leti hai; stomach mein aadha pachne ke baad khaana muh mein waapas aata hai aur dheere-dheere dobara chabaaya jaata hai. Ise rumination kehte hain.

Saans lena (pages 129–131)

Hum khaane ke bina kai din reh sakte hain, par saans ke bina sirf kuch minute. Kyun? Sharir ke har hisse ko khaane se energy nikaalne ke liye, yaani respiration ke liye, har pal oxygen chahiye. Saans rukte hi oxygen ki supply ruk jaati hai, aur sharir, khaas kar dimaag, ko energy nahi milti.

Kya tumne nostrils ke andar chhote baal dekhe hain? Haan. Mucus ke saath milkar ye andar li gayi hawa ki dhool aur gandagi rokte hain, isiliye naak se saans leni chahiye.

Activity 9.2: Gubbaaron ka kya hota hai? Rubber sheet neeche kheenchne pe gubbaare phool jaate hain; upar chhodne pe pichak jaate hain.

Gubbaare aur rubber sheet kiski jagah hain? Gubbaare lungs hain aur rubber sheet diaphragm. Sheet neeche kheenchne se bottle ke andar zyaada jagah banti hai, jaise saans andar lete samay diaphragm neeche jaane se chhaati mein jagah banti hai.

Hum kya saans chhodte hain (pages 131–132)

Activity 9.3: Kya lime water ka rang badla? Test tube B ka lime water, jisme hum phoonkte hain, doodhiya ho jaata hai. Test tube A ka lime water, jisme pichkari se kamre ki hawa daali jaati hai, saaf rehta hai.

Isse kya pata chalta hai? Lime water carbon dioxide se doodhiya hota hai, isliye chhodi gayi hawa mein andar li gayi hawa se zyaada carbon dioxide hoti hai: lagbhag 4–5%, jabki andar li hawa mein 0.04%.

Gases ka aadaan-pradaan kaise hota hai? Alveoli mein. Unki patli deewaarein blood waali baareek naliyon se ghiri hain. Alveoli ki hawa se oxygen blood mein jaakar sharir ke har hisse tak pahunchti hai, aur blood ki carbon dioxide alveoli mein aakar saans ke saath baahar nikalti hai.

Khaana hamein energy kaise deta hai? Khaana glucose jaise saral padarthon mein toota hai, aur oxygen glucose ko todkar energy deti hai: glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + paani + energy. Ye respiration hai.

Pakshi aur machhli kaise saans lete hain? Pakshi lungs se saans lete hain. Machhli gills se saans leti hai, jo paani mein ghuli oxygen lete hain.

Let Us Enhance Our Learning (pages 135–136)

1. Alimentary canal mein khaane ka safar poora karo. Khaana → Muh → Oesophagus (food pipe) → Stomach → Small intestine → Large intestine → Anus.

2. Sahil ne tube A mein chapati ke tukde, Neha ne tube B mein chabaayi chapati aur Santushti ne tube C mein ubla mashed aaloo rakha, aur sabne iodine daala. Unhe kya dikhega? Kaaran do. A: blue-black, kyunki chapati mein starch hai. B: koi badlaav nahi, ya bahut halka blue-black, kyunki saliva ne zyaadatar starch sugar mein tod diya. C: blue-black, kyunki aaloo mein bahut starch hai; ubaalne aur mash karne se wo sirf chhote tukdon mein toota hai, starch sugar nahi bana.

3. Saans lene mein diaphragm ka kya kaam hai? (iii) Inhalation aur exhalation mein madad karna. Ye neeche jaakar hawa andar aane deta hai aur upar jaakar hawa baahar dhakelta hai. Hawa ko chhaanne ka kaam nasal passages ke baal aur mucus karte hain, aur oxygen alveoli mein blood mein jaati hai.

4. Hisson ko unke kaam se milaao. (i) Nostrils → (a) baahar ki taaza hawa andar aati hai. (ii) Nasal passages → (d) chhote baal aur mucus dhool aur gandagi rokte hain. (iii) Windpipe → (e) isse hawa lungs tak pahunchti hai. (iv) Alveoli → (b) gases ka aadaan-pradaan hota hai. (v) Rib cage → (c) lungs ko bachaata hai.

5. Anil kehta hai ki respiration aur breathing ek hi hain. Sanvi use kya sawaal pooch sakti hai? Sanvi pooch sakti hai: Dono kahan hote hain? Breathing naak, windpipe aur lungs mein hoti hai, par respiration sharir ke har hisse ke andar. Ye hawa ka chalna hai ya padarthon ka badalna? Breathing sirf hawa andar-baahar karti hai, ek physical process; respiration glucose ko carbon dioxide aur paani mein todta hai, ek chemical process. Khaane se energy kaun nikaalta hai? Sirf respiration. Blood mein jaane ke baad oxygen ka kya hota hai? Wo respiration mein istemaal hoti hai. In jawaabon se Anil samajh jaayega ki dono alag prakriyaayein hain, haalaanki breathing hi respiration ke liye oxygen laati hai.

6. Anu: hum hawa andar lete hain. Shanu: hum oxygen andar lete hain. Tanu: hum oxygen se bharpoor hawa andar lete hain. Kaun sahi hai aur kyun? Anu sahi hai. Hum hawa andar lete hain, jo gases ka mishran hai; iska sirf lagbhag 21% oxygen hai. Shanu galat hai, kyunki hum shuddh oxygen andar nahi lete. Tanu aadha sahi hai: andar li hawa mein chhodi hawa se zyaada oxygen hoti hai (lagbhag 21% vs 16–17%), par wo oxygen se bharpoor nahi hai, kyunki zyaadatar hissa doosri gases ka hai, khaas kar nitrogen (Extra: lagbhag 78%).

7. Bahut dhool waali hawa andar lene pe hum aksar chheenkte hain. Iske kya kaaran ho sakte hain? Nasal passages ke baal aur mucus dhool rokte hain. Jab bahut dhool andar aati hai, to wo naak ki andar ki parat ko pareshaan karti hai, aur chheenk, yaani naak aur muh se achaanak tez hawa ka jhonka, dhool ko baahar phenk deti hai. Isse nasal passages saaf rehte hain aur dhool lungs tak nahi pahunchti. Kuch log isliye bhi zyaada chheenkte hain kyunki dhool ke chhote kan, jaise pollen, unhe doosron se zyaada pareshaan karte hain (Extra).

8. Daudne ke baad Anusha, Paridhi se tez saans le rahi thi. Do sambhav kaaran do. (i) Anusha shaayad zyaada tez ya zyaada der daudi, isliye uske sharir ne zyaada energy lagaayi aur use respiration ke liye zyaada oxygen chahiye thi, aur zyaada carbon dioxide nikaalni thi. (ii) Wo shaayad Paridhi ki tarah roz nahi daudti, isliye uske sharir ko kaafi oxygen ke liye zyaada saans leni padti hai. Aur sambhavnaayein: usne rukne ke turant baad saans gini, ya use zukaam ya band naak thi.

9. Yadu ne tube B mein chawal ke aate aur paani mein saliva milaaya, 35–45 minute ruka aur dono tubes mein iodine daala. Wo kya test kar raha hai? Wo test kar raha hai ki kya saliva starch ko todta hai. Bina saliva waali tube A blue-black hoti hai, yaani uska starch abhi bhi hai. Saliva waali tube B blue-black nahi hoti aur iodine ka bhoora rang rakhti hai, yaani uska starch sugar mein toot gaya. Tube A control hai: saliva ke alaava har cheez mein wo B jaisi hai.

10. Rakshita ne tube A ke lime water mein andar li jaane waali hawa aur tube B mein chhodi saans daali. Wo kya jaanch rahi hai, aur ise pakka kaise kar sakti hai? Wo jaanch rahi hai ki kya chhodi gayi hawa mein andar li gayi hawa se zyaada carbon dioxide hoti hai. B ka lime water doodhiya ho jaata hai, jabki A saaf rehta hai ya bahut dheere doodhiya hota hai. Pakka karne ke liye wo test kai baar, aur doston ke saath, dohra sakti hai, dono tubes mein barabar taaza lime water lekar aur barabar samay tak hawa daalkar, aur phir dekh sakti hai ki kaunsi tube kitni jaldi doodhiya hoti hai.

Exploratory Projects (page 136)

1. Muh ki safaai ki achhi aadatein. Din mein do baar brush karo aur jeebh saaf karo; har khaane ke baad kulla karo; chipchipe, meethe snacks kam khaao; khoob paani piyo; aur niyamit dentist ko dikhaao. Bade jo batayein, jaise neem ki daatun aur namak ke paani ke garaare, wo bhi jodo, aur likho ki wo aaj bhi kaun si aadatein apnaate hain.

2. Paachan tantra ko sehatmand rakhna. Fibre waala khaana (phal, sabziyan, saabut anaaj, millets aur daalein), dahi, chhaachh aur kanji jaise fermented khaane khaao, aur kaafi paani piyo. Khaana achhi tarah chabaao, samay pe khaao, zyaada mat khaao, zyaada tala aur junk food kam karo, active raho, aur khaane se pehle haath dho. Adrak, kaali mirch aur jeera jaise masaale sahi maatra mein paachan mein madad karte hain, jaisa Charaka Samhita kehti hai.

3. Paachan tantra ka 3-D clay model. Har hisse ke liye alag rang lo: muh, food pipe, stomach, liver, pancreas, gol lipti small intestine, uske chaaron taraf chaudi large intestine, rectum aur anus. Liver aur pancreas ko small intestine ke paas rakho, aur har hisse pe kaale kaagaz ki patti se label lagao.

4. Hawa ki quality aur AQI. (Extra) Air Quality Index (AQI) 0 se 500 tak ka number hai jo batata hai ki hawa kitni pradooshit hai. India mein iski chhe categories hain: Good (0–50), Satisfactory (51–100), Moderately polluted (101–200), Poor (201–300), Very poor (301–400) aur Severe (401–500). Jo log kai ghante baahar ya dhuen aur dhool ke paas kaam karte hain, jaise jalti paraali ya keetnaashak spray ke paas kisaan, dhuen aur dhool ke paas factory mazdoor, aur vyast sadkon ke kinaare rehdi waale, unhe aksar khaansi, saans phoolna, asthma aur lungs ki doosri pareshaaniyan hoti hain. Mask, achha hawa ka aana-jaana aur niyamit health check-up madad karte hain.

5. Box breathing. 4 ginti tak saans andar lo, 4 tak roko, 4 tak baahar chhodo aur 4 tak roko, phir dohraao, jaise box ki chaar bhujaayein (Fig. 9.17). (Extra) Ye saans ko dheema karta hai aur mann shaant karne, tanaav kam karne aur dhyaan badhaane ke liye istemaal hota hai, jaise exam se pehle.

6. Kam oxygen waali oonchaai pe pakshi kaise udte hain? (Extra) Lungs ke alaava pakshiyon mein air sacs hote hain. Unke lungs mein hawa saans andar lete aur chhodte, dono samay ek hi disha mein behti hai, isliye gas exchange waali jagahon pe lagbhag hamesha taaza hawa rehti hai, aur wo har saans se zyaada oxygen le paate hain. Bar-headed geese isi se Himalaya ke upar udte hain. Ye book ki is baat se mel khaata hai ki kuch jaanwar andar li gayi oxygen ka bada hissa istemaal kar sakte hain.