Pictograph kya hai?

Data ke liye chitra

Pictograph sankhyaayein likhe bina cheezon ke chitron ya symbols se data dikhaata hai. Book ke pehle udaharan mein smiley chehre dikhaate hain ki students school kaise aate hain: 11 school bus se, 7 paidal, 5 public bus se, 4 private car se aur 3 cycle se. Ek nazar mein dikhta hai ki school bus sabse aam hai aur cycle sabse kam.

Key

Har pictograph ko ek key (ya scale) chahiye jo bataaye ki ek symbol kitne ke barabar hai. Safar waale udaharan mein ek smiley = 1 student. Neend ke baare mein Nand Kishor ke pictograph mein ek symbol = 10 bachche:

• Hamesha kam se kam 9 ghante soye: 5 symbol, yaani 5 × 10 = 50 bachche.
• Kabhi-kabhi: 2 poore symbol aur ek aadha, yaani 20 + 5 = 25 bachche.
• Kabhi nahi: 4 symbol, yaani 40 bachche hamesha 9 ghante se kam soye.

Pictograph padhna

Pictograph padhne ke liye row ke symbols gino aur key se guna karo, har aadhe symbol ke liye key ka aadha jodo. Ek symbol = 4 ladkiyan waale pictograph mein 4 symbol aur ek aadhe waali row 4 × 4 + 2 = 18 ladkiyan dikhaati hai. Rows ki tulna aasaan hai: zyada symbol matlab zyada cheezein.

Pictograph banaana

Lakhanpal ne har class ke gairhaazir students gine: 3, 5, 4, 2, 0, 1, 5 aur 7. Usne har student ke liye ek symbol banaaya. Par jab Jarina aur Sangita ne haazir students (har class mein 20 se 35) dikhaane chaahe, to har student ka ek symbol matlab lagbhag 200 symbol. Isliye unhone badi key chuni:

• Jarina: ek symbol = 5 students, to 35 ke liye 7 symbol.
• Sangita: ek symbol = 10 students, 5 ke liye aadha symbol, to 25 matlab dhaai symbol.

Sankhyaaon pe fit hone waali key samay aur jagah bachaati hai.

Ek patang = 100 patang ke saath Rani ki 300 patangon ke liye 3 symbol aur Jasmeet ki 450 ke liye saadhe chaar. Poonam Ben ne 700 khareedi, Rani ki 300 ke dugne se zyada, kyunki 2 × 300 = 600.

Achhi key chunna

Jab saari sankhyaaon ka ek common factor ho, to use key bana lo. Chhah gaon mein Mudhol Hounds ki sankhya, 18, 36, 12, 48, 18 aur 24, sab 6 ke multiple hain, isliye ek symbol = 6 kutte har gaon ko poore symbols se dikhaata hai.

Pictograph ki kamiyan

Agar class mein 33 ya 27 students hon aur ek symbol = 10 ho? 33 matlab teen symbol aur 3 aur, aur 27 matlab dhaai symbol aur 2 aur. Ye 3 ya 2 poore ya aadhe symbol se theek-theek nahi dikhte. Bahut data ho to pictograph banaane mein samay bhi lagta hai. Aise mein aam taur par bar graph behtar hai: dekho bar graph kaise banayein.

Pictograph ke steps

1. Categories ek column (ya row) mein likho.
2. Ek saadha symbol aur sankhyaaon pe fit hone waali key chuno.
3. Sahi sankhya mein symbol banao, zaroorat pe aadhe symbol ke saath.
4. Key aur title likho.

Chitra banaane se pehle data vyavasthit karne ke liye padho tally marks kaise banayein. Textbook ke sawaalon ke liye dekho Chapter 4 ke NCERT solutions; poore chapter ke liye Chapter 4 ke notes.