Living things ki characteristics kya hain?
Short mein jawab
Saare living beings ki kuch khaasiyatein ek jaisi hoti hain. Wo chalte-hilte hain, khaana lete hain, badhte hain, respire karte hain, waste nikaalte hain, stimuli pe response dete hain, reproduce karte hain aur aakhir mein marte hain. Jisme ye khaasiyatein na hon, wo non-living hai. Paudhe bhi living hain, bhale wo ek jagah se doosri jagah na jaayein.
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Living ya non-living?
Raaste mein padi ek shell, jo bilkul hil nahi rahi, ab bhi kisi zinda ghonghe ka hissa ho sakti hai. To hum kaise tay karein ki koi cheez living hai? Apni class mein dekho: pencil, kitaab, khidki pe kabootar, gamle mein paudha. Ek achha tareeka hai har cheez ki tulna khud se karna, kyunki tum khud living being ka shaandaar udaharan ho. Tum kya kar sakte ho jo pencil ya car nahi kar sakti?
Movement
Jaanwar chalte, daudte, udte, rengte aur tairte hain. Paudhe ek jagah se doosri jagah nahi jaate, par unme movement hota hai. Phool khilte hain. Drosera, ek keetbhakshi paudha jo poshan ke liye keedon pe nirbhar hai, ki pattiyan tashtari jaisi hoti hain jin pe chipchipe baal hote hain; keeda andar aaye to baal andar mud ke use pakad lete hain. Bel apne paas ke kisi bhi sahare ke chaaron taraf lipat jaati hai.
Par sirf movement se ye saabit nahi hota ki koi cheez zinda hai. Car, pankha aur nadi, sab chalte hain.
Khaana aur growth
Living beings ko badhne aur vikas ke liye khaana, yaani nutrition, chahiye. Chaar saal pehle wale kapde tum ab nahi pehen sakte, kyunki tumhara shareer bada ho gaya hai. Paudhe aur jaanwar bhi badhte hain. Car kabhi nahi badhti.
Respiration
Normal chalne ke baad, daudne ke baad aur thoda naachne ke baad ek minute mein apni saansein gino: kasrat ke baad saans tez chalti hai. Saans andar lene pe hawa shareer ke andar jaati hai; chhodne pe bahar. Saans lena respiration naam ki prakriya ka hissa hai. Aaram karte kutte ya gaay ko dekho, saans lete hue uska pet upar-neeche hota hai. Paudhe bhi respire karte hain: pattiyon ki satah pe chhote chhed, stomata, hawa andar-bahar jaane dete hain. Saare living beings respire karte hain.
Excretion
Garmiyon mein shirt pe jo safed daag bante hain, wo paseene se bante hain, jo shareer dwara waste ke roop mein nikaala gaya paani aur namak hai. Peshaab bhi waste hai. Shareer se waste nikaalna excretion kehlaata hai. Paudhe bhi excrete karte hain: ghaas aur gulab extra paani aur minerals pattiyon pe chhoti boondon ke roop mein nikaalte hain.
Stimuli pe response
Kaanta chubhe ya garam chai ka cup chhoo jaaye, to tum turant hat jaate ho. Koi bhi cheez ya ghatna jis pe living being response de, stimulus (bahuvachan: stimuli) kehlaati hai. Paudhe bhi response dete hain. Chhui-mui (touch-me-not, mimosa, lajjalu) chhoone pe pattiyan mod leti hai, aur amla ke ped ki pattiyan suraj dhalne ke baad paas aa jaati hain, jaise so rahi hon.
Reproduction aur death
Billi ke bachche hote hain aur kutte ke pille, par pencil ke kabhi bachche nahi hote. Reproduction matlab apne jaise naye jeev paida karna, aur ye jeevan aage chalne ke liye zaroori hai. Aakhir mein saare living beings marte hain. Jab koi living being khaana, hawa aur paani maujood hone pe bhi ye khaasiyatein na dikha sake, to wo mara hua hai.
Aas-paas ki cheezon ko baantna
| Cheez | Living ya non-living? | Kaaran |
|---|---|---|
| Pencil, kitaab | Non-living | Na badhti hain, na khaati hain, na respire ya reproduce karti hain. |
| Kabootar | Living | Chalta hai, khaata hai, badhta hai, saans leta hai aur ande deta hai. |
| Car | Non-living | Sirf chalaane pe chalti hai; na badhti hai, na reproduce karti hai. |
| Paudha | Living | Badhta hai, respire karta hai, seeds banata hai aur stimuli pe response deta hai. |
Seed bejaan lag sakta hai, par use paani aur hawa do to wo germinate hokar badhta hai, isliye seed living hai. Seed ko kya chahiye, ye padho seed germination kya hai mein.
Practice karo
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Kaanta chubhne pe pair khinch lena kiska udaharan hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (b) stimulus pe response
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Paudhe kin chhote chhedon se hawa andar-bahar lete hain?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (a) Stomata
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Paseena kis kaam ka ek tareeka hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (b) shareer se waste nikaalna Paseena paani aur namak se bana hai jise shareer waste ke roop mein nikaalta hai. Waste nikaalna excretion kehlaata hai.
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Car chalti hai, phir bhi non-living kyun hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: Wo badhti nahi, badhne ke liye khaana nahi leti, khud respire, excrete ya stimuli pe response nahi karti, aur nayi car paida nahi kar sakti. Wo sirf tab chalti hai jab koi use chalaaye.
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Chhui-mui ki pattiyan kis wajah se mudti hain?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: Chhoone se. Jab hum pattiyon ko chhoote hain to wo mud jaati hain. Chhoona stimulus hai aur mudna paudhe ka response.
Students ke sawal
Living things ki characteristics kya hain?
Living things chalte-hilte hain, khaana (nutrition) lete hain, badhte hain, respire karte hain, waste nikaalte hain, stimuli pe response dete hain, reproduce karte hain aur marte hain.
Kya paudhon mein movement hota hai?
Haan, bhale wo ek jagah se doosri jagah nahi jaate. Phool khilte hain, keetbhakshi paudhe Drosera ke baal keede pakadne ke liye andar mudte hain, aur bel apne paas rakhi cheez ke chaaron taraf lipat jaati hai.
Kya paudhe excrete karte hain?
Haan. Paudhe extra paani aur minerals pattiyon pe chhoti boondon ke roop mein nikaalte hain, jaisa ghaas aur gulab pe dikhta hai.
Living being ko mara hua kab kehte hain?
Jab wo jeevan ki khaasiyatein na dikha sake, jabki zinda rehne ke liye zaroori sab kuch, jaise khaana, hawa aur paani, maujood ho.
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