Seed ko germinate hone ke liye kya chahiye?

Germination kya hai?

Jab seed sprout ban jaata hai, to wo germinate hua kehte hain. Seed ka bahari chhilka seed coat kehlaata hai. Uske andar ek chhota embryo hota hai, jo sahi shartein milne pe poora paudha ban sakta hai. Par kaun si shartein? Chaar gamlon wala ek experiment ye pata lagaata hai.

Chaar gamlon wala experiment

Chaar ek jaise gamle bagiche ki mitti se bharo aur har ek mein bean ke chaar seeds bo do. Inhe lagbhag do hafte aise rakho aur roz dekho:

• Gamla A: seedhi dhoop mein, bilkul paani nahi.
• Gamla B: seedhi dhoop mein, itna paani ki wo hamesha mitti ke upar khada rahe.
• Gamla C: mitti halki geeli, andheri jagah pe.
• Gamla D: mitti halki geeli, seedhi dhoop mein.

Gamla	Hawa, paani, roshni	Germinate hua?
A: dhoop, paani nahi	Hawa aur roshni, par paani nahi	Nahi
B: dhoop, zyaada paani	Paani aur roshni, par hawa nahi	Nahi
C: geeli mitti, andhera	Hawa aur paani, par roshni nahi	Haan
D: geeli mitti, dhoop	Hawa, paani aur roshni	Haan

Seeds sirf gamle C aur D mein germinate hote hain, jinme sahi maatra mein paani aur hawa hai. Gamla C dikhata hai ki germination ke liye roshni zaroori nahi.

Paani aur hawa kyun?

• Paani: badhne ke liye zaroori kaam karne ke liye seeds ko paani chahiye. Paani seed coat ko naram karta hai aur andar ke embryo ko paudha banne mein madad karta hai.
• Hawa aur mitti: seeds mitti ke kanon ke beech ki jagah ki hawa use karte hain. Ye jagah roots ko aasaani se badhne bhi deti hai. Gamle B mein khada paani ye jagah bhar deta hai, isliye seeds ko hawa nahi milti.
• Roshni ya andhera: bean jaise zyaadatar seeds ko germinate hone ke liye roshni nahi chahiye. Par germinate hone ke baad seedling ko aage badhne ke liye dhoop chahiye.

Kuch seeds alag hote hain. Coleus aur Petunia ke seeds ko germinate hone ke liye roshni chahiye, isliye unhe mitti se dhakne pe wo nahi ugte. Calendula aur Zinnia ke seeds ko andhera chahiye, isliye unhe mitti se achhi tarah dhakna chahiye.

Roots neeche, shoots upar

Kuch bean ya chane ke seeds geele kapde pe tab tak ugao jab tak har ek mein chhota root aur shoot na aa jaaye. Inhe geele blotting paper wali kaanch ki plates pe dheere se baandho: ek seedha dhoop mein, ek ulta dhoop mein, aur ek seedha ek aise dabbe mein jisme ek chhote chhed se roshni aati ho.

Kuch din baad seedhe seedling ka root neeche aur shoot upar badhta hai. Ulte seedling ka root mud ke neeche aur shoot mud ke upar badhne lagta hai. Dabbe wale seedling ka shoot chhed ki taraf badhta hai, jabki root neeche badhta rehta hai. Yaani shoots upar aur dhoop ki taraf badhte hain, aur roots neeche.

Indian scientist Jagadish Chandra Bose (1858–1937) ne crescograph naam ki machine banayi, jo record karti thi ki paudhe roshni, garmi, bijli aur gravity pe kaise response dete hain, aur naapti thi ki wo kitni tezi se badhte hain.

Is jaankari ka istemaal

Kyunki seeds ko germinate hone ke liye paani aur hawa chahiye, isliye anaaj aur daalon ko achhi tarah sukha ke sookhe, band dabbon mein rakhte hain, taaki wo rakhe-rakhe ug na jaayein. Doosri taraf, jis seed ko paani aur hawa mile, wo germinate hokar badhta hai, jo dikhata hai ki wo living hai. Saare living beings ki aisi hi khaasiyatein padho living things ki characteristics mein.