Class 6 Science Chapter 3: Mindful Eating: A Path to a Healthy Body (Hinglish Notes)
Ye chapter 5 lines mein
Khaana jeevon ko jeevan deta hai. India mein log alag-alag khaana khaate hain, jo sthaaniya fasalon, swaad, sanskriti aur paramparaon pe nirbhar hai. Khaane mein nutrients hote hain: carbohydrates aur fats energy dete hain, proteins shareer banaate aur uski marammat karte hain, aur vitamins aur minerals bimaariyon se bachaate hain. Dietary fibre aur paani bhi zaroori hain. Aasaan tests se starch, fat aur protein ka pata chalta hai. Balanced diet mein saare nutrients, roughage aur paani sahi maatra mein hote hain; junk food mein nahi. Millets nutri-cereals hain, aur local khaana food miles kam karta hai.
Khaana jeevan deta hai
Chapter ek purani kahaawat se shuru hota hai: swasth wahi hai jo poshak khaana, sahi maatra mein, aur mausam, samay aur jagah ke hisaab se khaata hai. School ke noticeboard pe Medu aur Mishti aaj ka vichaar padhte hain, ‘annena jaatani jivanti’, ek Sanskrit kahaawat jiska matlab hai khaana jeevon ko jeevan deta hai.
Activity 3.1 mein tum ek hafte mein khaayi har cheez ki list banaate ho. Doston ki list se milaane pe bahut vividhta dikhti hai: alag-alag meals mein alag cheezein, aur doston ka khaana tumse kaafi alag ho sakta hai.
Alag ilaakon ka khaana
India ek krishi pradhaan desh hai jahan kai tarah ki mitti aur jalvaayu hai, isliye alag ilaakon mein alag fasalein ugti hain. Kisi rajya ka paaramparik khaana aam taur par wahan ugne waali fasalon pe based hota hai.
| Rajya | Sthaaniya fasalein | Paaramparik khaana | Peya (beverages) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Punjab | Makka, gehun, chana, daalein | Makki di roti, sarson da saag, chhole bhature, parantha, halwa, kheer | Lassi, chhach (buttermilk), doodh, chai |
| Karnataka | Chaawal, ragi, urad, nariyal | Idli, dosa, sambhar, nariyal chutney, ragi mudde, palya, rasam, chaawal | Buttermilk, coffee, chai |
| Manipur | Chaawal, baans (bamboo), soya bean | Chaawal, eromba (chutney), utti (peeli matar aur hare pyaaz ki curry), singju, kangsoi | Kaali chai |
Kuch cheezein kai rajyon mein khaayi jaati hain, kuch sirf ek mein. Khaane ki pasand ilaake ki fasalon, swaad, sanskriti aur paramparaon ke saath badalti hai.
Pehle aur ab ka khaana banaana
Khaana banaane ke tareeke, yaani culinary practices, samay ke saath badle hain. Pehle zyaadatar khaana chulhe pe banta tha aur pisaai haath se sil-batte pe hoti thi; aaj hum gas stove aur electrical grinder use karte hain. Ye badlaav technology ke vikaas, behtar transport aur behtar communication se aaye. Activity 3.3 mein tum buzurgon se unke khaane aur pakaane ke tareekon ke baare mein interview karte ho.
Khaane ke components
School ke ‘Traditional Food Festival’ mein, jiski theme ‘Eat Healthy, Live Healthy’ hai, nutrition expert Dr Poshita kehti hain ki sehat hi sabse badi daulat hai.
- Carbohydrates energy dete hain. Glucose turant energy deta hai, isliye marathon runner glucose waala paani peeta hai. Gehun, chaawal, makka, bajra, aaloo, shakarkand, kela, ananas, aam aur saadhaaran cheeni iske srot hain.
- Fats energy dete hain aur energy ka bhandaar hain. Ghee, tel, makkhan, moongphali, akhrot aur badaam jaise nuts, aur kaddu aur sooraj-mukhi jaise beej iske srot hain. Ghee aur nuts waale laddoo sardi mein garmi dete hain, aur polar bear mahino lambi sardiyon ki neend mein jama fat pe jeete hain.
- Proteins vikaas aur marammat mein madad karte hain, isliye ye shareer banaane waale (body-building) khaane hain. Paudhon se: daalein, beans, matar aur nuts; jaanwaron se: doodh, paneer, ande, machhli aur maans. Khaane laayak mushroom bhi achhe srot hain.
Carbohydrates aur fats energy dene waale khaane hain. Aur padho food ke components mein.
Vitamins, minerals aur deficiency diseases
Do kisse batate hain ki phal, sabziyan aur doosre paudhon ke khaane kyun zaroori hain. 1746 mein ek lambi samudri yaatra pe Scottish doctor James Lind ne dekha ki jin naavikon ke masoodon se khoon aata tha aur sujan thi, wo nimbu aur santre khaakar theek ho gaye. Ye scurvy ke lakshan hain, jo vitamin C ki kami se hota hai. 1960 ke dashak mein Indian scientists ne paaya ki Himalayan ilaake aur uttari maidaanon mein gardan ke aage sujan, yaani goitre, aam thi, kyunki wahan ki mitti, khaane aur paani mein iodine kam tha. Saadhaaran namak mein iodine milaakar iodised salt banaane se ye kaafi kam hua.
Vitamins aur minerals protective nutrients hain: kam maatra mein chahiye, par zaroori hain. Kisi nutrient ki lambi kami se hone waali bimaariyan deficiency diseases hain. Namak samudri paani ya chattaanon se milta hai, jaise Little Rann of Kutch ke Agariya namak kisaan banaate hain (dekho evaporation se namak alag karna), aur hamaara shareer dhoop mein vitamin D banaata hai. Aur padho deficiency diseases kya hain mein.
Fibre, paani, aur kaccha ya paka khaana
Dietary fibre, yaani roughage, koi nutrient nahi deta, par bina pache khaane ko shareer se nikaalne aur mal ko aasaani se nikaalne mein madad karta hai. Hari pattedaar sabziyan, taaze phal, saabut anaaj, daalein aur nuts iske achhe srot hain. Paani khaane se nutrients sokhne mein madad karta hai aur paseene aur peshaab se gandagi nikaalta hai.
Tez aanch pe pakaane se vitamin C jaise kuch nutrients nasht hote hain, aur kati ya chhili sabziyan dhone se kuch vitamins beh jaate hain. Isliye kuch phal aur kacchi sabziyan khao, aur sab kuch khaane se pehle achhi tarah dho lo. Scientist Coluthur Gopalan (1918–2019) ne 500 se zyada Indian khaanon ki jaanch ki; unke kaam se Mid Day Meal Programme bana, jo ab PM POSHAN hai aur sarkaari aur sarkaari-sahaayata praapt schools mein balanced khaana deta hai.
Starch, fat aur protein ki jaanch
- Starch: diluted iodine ghol ki 2–3 boondein use blue-black kar deti hain.
- Fat: kaagaz mein dabaane pe oily patch chhodta hai, jisme se roshni halki-si dikhti hai.
- Protein: paani mein uske paste mein copper sulfate ghol ki 2 boondein aur caustic soda ghol ki 10 boondein daalne pe violet rang aata hai. Ye chemicals haanikaarak hain, isliye ye test teacher dikhaate hain.
Kai khaanon mein ek se zyada nutrients hote hain: moongphali mein fat aur protein dono hain. Aur padho starch, protein aur fat ka test mein.
Balanced diet, junk food nahi
Balanced diet mein sahi vikaas ke liye saare zaroori nutrients, roughage aur paani sahi maatra mein hote hain. Zaroorat umr, gender, shaareerik mehnat, sehat aur jeevan-shaili ke hisaab se badalti hai.
Activity 3.9 mein potato wafers 100 g mein 536 kcal aur 35 g fat dete hain, jabki bhuna chana 355 kcal aur 6.26 g fat, aur usme protein aur fibre kahin zyada hai. Cheeni aur fat mein zyada par baaki nutrients mein kam khaane junk food hain: potato wafers, candy bars aur carbonated drinks. Inhe baar-baar khaane se motaapa ho sakta hai. Packaged khaane pe nutrients likhe hone chahiye; processing mein nutrients milaana fortification hai, aur Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) khaane ki gunvatta niyantrit karti hai. Aur padho balanced diet kya hai mein.
Millets: nutri-cereals
Jowar, bajra, ragi aur sanwa India ke chhote, poshak anaaj hain jo alag-alag jalvaayu mein aasaani se ugte hain. Inme vitamins, iron aur calcium jaise minerals, aur dietary fibre bharpoor hain, isliye inhe nutri-cereals kehte hain.
Food miles: khet se thaali tak
Ek chapati ka safar: kisaan gehun ugaata hai; daanon ki threshing aur winnowing hoti hai (dekho handpicking, threshing aur winnowing), phir unhe store kiya jaata hai, pees kar pack kiya jaata hai, aur dukaan tak pahunchaaya jaata hai, tab wo hamaari thaali mein aata hai. Khaana utpaadak se upbhokta tak jitni poori doori tay karta hai, wo uske food miles hain. Local khaana food miles kam karta hai, transport ka kharcha aur pradooshan ghataata hai, sthaaniya kisaanon ka saath deta hai aur khaane ko taaza rakhta hai. Kisaanon ki mehnat yaad rakho: utna hi lo jitna kha sako, aur khaana kabhi barbaad mat karo.
Har activity aur sawaal ke jawab Chapter 3 ke NCERT solutions mein hain.
Key terms (zaroori shabd)
| Term | Matlab |
|---|---|
| Culinary practices (khaana banaane ke tareeke) | Khaana taiyaar karne aur pakaane ke tareeke. Ye samay ke saath badle hain: chulhe aur sil-batte se gas stove aur electrical grinder tak. |
| Nutrients (poshak tatva) | Khaane ke wo components jo energy dete hain, vikaas mein madad karte hain, shareer ki marammat aur raksha karte hain, aur uske kaam chalaate hain: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins aur minerals. |
| Carbohydrates | Energy dene waale nutrients, jo gehun, chaawal aur makka jaise anaaj, aaloo, shakarkand, kela, aam aur cheeni mein milte hain. Starch, glucose aur cheeni carbohydrates hain. |
| Fats | Energy dene waale nutrients aur energy ka bhandaar, jo ghee, tel, makkhan, nuts aur beejon mein milte hain. |
| Proteins | Shareer banaane waale nutrients jo vikaas aur marammat mein madad karte hain; daalon, beans, matar, nuts, doodh, paneer, ande, machhli aur maans mein milte hain. |
| Vitamins aur minerals | Raksha karne waale (protective) nutrients, jo kam maatra mein chahiye aur shareer ko bimaariyon se bachaate hain: jaise vitamins A, B1, C, D aur minerals calcium, iodine aur iron. |
| Deficiency diseases (kami se hone waale rog) | Wo bimaariyan ya disorders jo khaane mein ek ya zyada nutrients ki lambe samay tak kami se hote hain, jaise scurvy (vitamin C) aur goitre (iodine). |
| Roughage (dietary fibre) | Paudhon se milne waale khaane ka wo hissa jo koi nutrient nahi deta, par bina pache khaane ko shareer se nikaalne aur mal ko aasaani se nikaalne mein madad karta hai. |
| Iodised salt | Saadhaaran namak jisme iodine ke salts zaroori maatra mein milaaye gaye hon; goitre se bachaane ke liye. |
| Balanced diet (santulit aahaar) | Aisa aahaar jisme shareer ke sahi vikaas ke liye saare zaroori nutrients, roughage aur paani sahi maatra mein hon. |
| Junk food | Cheeni aur fat ki wajah se zyada calories waala par protein, vitamins, minerals aur fibre mein bahut kam khaana, jaise potato wafers, candy bars aur carbonated drinks. |
| Fortification | Khaane ki processing ke dauraan usme nutrients milaana taaki uski poshan gunvatta badhe, jaise iodised salt aur kuch baby foods. |
| Millets (mota anaaj) | India ke chhote, poshak anaaj jaise jowar, bajra, ragi aur sanwa, jo vitamins, iron, calcium aur fibre se bharpoor hain; inhe nutri-cereals bhi kehte hain. |
| Food miles | Koi khaana utpaadak se upbhokta tak jitni poori doori tay karta hai. |
Is chapter ke topics
Practice karo
-
Inme se shareer banaane waala (body-building) khaana kaunsa hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (c) Paneer
-
Masoodon se khoon aana aur sujan kis cheez ki kami ke lakshan hain?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (b) vitamin C
-
Iodine ghol ki kuch boondein daalne pe khaana blue-black ho gaya. Usme hai:
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (c) starch
-
Inme se millet kaunsa hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (a) Ragi
-
Khaana utpaadak se upbhokta tak jitni doori tay karta hai, use kehte hain:
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (b) food miles
Students ke sawal
Class 6 Science Chapter 3 ke mukhya topics kya hain?
India ke alag ilaakon ka khaana, khaana banaane ke tareekon mein badlaav, khaane ke components aur unke srot, deficiency diseases, starch, fat aur protein ke tests, balanced diet aur junk food, millets, aur khet se thaali tak food miles.
Kya Mindful Eating naye Curiosity book mein hai?
Haan. Mindful Eating: A Path to a Healthy Body, Class 6 Science ki textbook Curiosity (Reprint 2026-27) ka Chapter 3 hai. Ye Chapter 2, Diversity in the Living World, ke baad aata hai.
Chapter 3 ke end mein kitne sawaal hain?
“Let us enhance our learning” mein 13 sawaal hain, phir Learning further ke kaam. Hamaare NCERT solutions page pe in sabke jawab hain, saath mein Activities 3.1 se 3.9 aur in-text sawaal bhi.
Koi sawal atak gaya?
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