Starch, protein aur fat ka test

Khaane ki jaanch kyun?

Hamaare khaane mein kaunse nutrients hain? Kuch nutrients, jaise starch (ek tarah ka carbohydrate), fat aur protein, kaafi aasaan tests se pata chalte hain; baaki sirf achhi lab mein. Book ek hi khaanon ki teen baar jaanch karti hai: aaloo ka tukda, kheera, bread, uble chaawal, ubla chana, pisi moongphali, tel, makkhan aur kasa hua nariyal. Tum aur khaane bhi le sakte ho, aur sab Table 3.3 mein likho.

Starch ka test (Activity 3.5)

1. Har khaane ka chhota tukda alag plate mein rakho.
2. Dropper se har ek pe diluted iodine ghol ki 2–3 boondein daalo.
3. Rang dekho. Kya wo blue-black hua?

Blue-black rang batata hai ki starch hai. Aaloo, bread aur uble chaawal blue-black ho jaate hain. Cheeni bhi carbohydrate hai, par starch nahi, isliye wo blue-black nahi hoti: iodine test sirf starch pakadta hai.

Fat ka test (Activity 3.6)

1. Har khaane ko alag kaagaz ke tukde pe rakho.
2. Kaagaz ko khaane ke chaaron taraf lapet kar dabaao, dhyaan rakho kaagaz na phate.
3. Agar khaane mein thoda paani ho, to kaagaz sookhne do.
4. Kaagaz ko roshni ke saamne pakdo.

Agar khaane mein tel ya makkhan hai, to wo oily patch chhodta hai, aur us patch mein se roshni halki-si dikhti hai. Oily patch batata hai ki fat hai. Makkhan, tel, moongphali aur nariyal oily patch chhodte hain.

Protein ka test (Activity 3.7)

Ye activity teacher dikhaate hain.

1. Har khaane ka khal-batte (pestle and mortar) se paste ya powder banao.
2. Har ek ka lagbhag aadha chammach alag saaf test tube mein daalo.
3. 2–3 chammach paani daalo aur achhi tarah hilaao.
4. Dropper se copper sulfate ghol ki do boondein daalo.
5. Doosre dropper se caustic soda ghol ki 10 boondein daalo.
6. Achhi tarah hilaao aur test tubes ko kuch minute bina chhede chhod do.

Violet rang batata hai ki protein hai. Ubla chana, moongphali aur soya bean violet ho jaate hain.

Saavdhaaniyan: ye chemicals haanikaarak hain. Jab tak kaha na jaaye, inhe mat chhuo. Agar koi chemical shareer pe gir jaaye, to us jagah ko turant paani se dho lo. Koi chemical kabhi muh mein mat daalo, na use soonghne ki koshish karo.

Aam nateeje

Ye khaane aam taur par ye dikhaate hain. Sample aur ghol ki maatra se tumhaare nateeje thode alag ho sakte hain, isliye hamesha wahi likho jo sach mein dikhe.

Khaana	Starch (blue-black)	Fat (oily patch)	Protein (violet)
Aaloo	Haan	Nahi	Nahi
Kheera	Nahi	Nahi	Nahi
Uble chaawal	Haan	Nahi	Thoda, shaayad
Ubla chana	Haan	Bahut thoda	Haan
Moongphali	Bahut thoda	Haan	Haan
Bread ya chapati	Haan	Thoda, agar fat se bani ho	Haan, halka violet
Makkhan	Nahi	Haan	Nahi
Nariyal	Nahi	Haan	Thoda

Nateejon se kya pata chalta hai

• Ek se zyada nutrients: uble chane mein starch aur protein hain, aur moongphali mein fat aur protein dono. Hum jo bhi khaate hain usme kai nutrients ho sakte hain.
• Teeno mein se koi nahi: kheere mein na starch, na fat, na protein dikhta hai, kyunki usme zyaadatar paani hai. Phir bhi wo hamein paani, roughage aur kuch vitamins deta hai.
• Aage jaanchne ke liye achhe srot: starch ke liye gehun ka aata aur shakarkand, fat ke liye ghee aur til, protein ke liye paneer aur moong daal.

Ye tests sirf ye batate hain ki nutrient hai ya nahi, kitna hai ye nahi. Vitamins aur minerals ke liye lab tests chahiye, isliye packaged khaane apne label pe nutrients likhte hain (dekho balanced diet kya hai).

Exercise ke do sawaal

Kapdon pe iodine: iodine ki kuch boondein Mishti ke mozon pe aur kuch uski teacher ki saree pe giri. Saree pe boondein blue-black ho gayi kyunki cotton sarees ko aksar starch (kalaf) lagaakar kadak kiya jaata hai; mozon mein starch nahi tha, isliye rang nahi badla.

Kya ye iodine hai? Kisi anjaan ghol ke iodine ghol hone ki jaanch ke liye uski kuch boondein aaloo ke tukde ya uble chaawal pe daalo. Agar wo blue-black ho jaaye, to ghol iodine ghol ho sakta hai.

Har nutrient shareer mein kya karta hai, ye jaanne ke liye padho food ke components. Textbook ke sawaalon ke liye dekho Chapter 3 ke NCERT solutions; poore chapter ke liye Chapter 3 ke notes.