Class 6 Social Science Chapter 9: Family and Community (Hinglish Notes)

Family kyun zaroori hai?

Hum mein se lagbhag sab ek family mein rehte hain, aur family kisi bhi samaj ki sabse buniyadi aur purani ikai hai. Yahin pe sabse pehle hamari dekhbhaal hoti hai, aur yahin hum doosron ke saath rehna seekhte hain. Aaj India mein kai tarah ki families hain, joint family se lekar nuclear family tak.

Joint aur nuclear family

Joint family mein kai peedhiyan saath rehti hain: daada-daadi, mummy-papa, chacha-chachi, bhai-behen aur cousins. Nuclear family sirf pati-patni aur unke bachchon tak seemit hoti hai, ya kabhi ek parent aur bachche. Aur padho: family aur community ka role.

Rishton ke shabd

English mein rishton ke liye kam shabd hain. Bharatiya bhashaon mein bahut zyada: Hindi mein bua, tau, tai, chacha, mausi, nana, nani aur kai aur, aur Tamil jaisi bhashaon mein bade aur chhote bhai-behen ke liye alag shabd bhi hain. Phir bhi zyadatar Bharatiya bhashaon mein ‘cousin’ ke liye koi shabd nahi, kyunki cousins bas bhai-behen hain. Isse family ke saare bachchon ka gehra rishta dikhta hai.

Roles aur zimmedariyan

Family ke rishte pyaar, dekhbhaal, sahyog (milkar kaam karna) aur paraspar nirbharta pe tike hain. Har member ki apni bhoomika hai. Mummy-papa bachchon ko khush aur zimmedar naagrik banne ke liye paalte hain, aur bachche bade hote hue ghar pe zyada kaam sambhaalte hain aur family ki paramparaayein seekhte hain.

Family mein seekhe values

Apna kartavya nibhaana, yaani dharma, Bharatiya sanskriti ka ek zaroori siddhant hai. Family ek school jaisi hai jahan bachche ahimsa, daan (dena), seva aur tyaag jaise values seekhte hain. Kerala mein Shalini ke chacha ki naukri chali gayi, to uske mummy-papa ne unki family ke liye bhi tyohaar ke kapde liye. Meghalaya mein Tenzing ki mummy handicraft cooperative mein kaam karti hain, to uske papa ghar ka kaam aur khana banana baant lete hain, aur uske daada poore mohalle ki madad karte hain.

Community kya hai?

Families doosri families aur aas-paas ke logon se judi hoti hain. Jude hue logon ke aise samooh ko community kehte hain. Iske log tyohaar manaane, daawat aur shaadiyon ke liye milte hain, aur kuch gaon mein zameen taiyaar karne, buaai aur kataai mein bhi madad karte hain. Kai communities, khaas kar adivasi communities, ne bahut pehle tay kar liya tha ki paani, charaagaah aur jungle ki upaj kaise baantein. Ye niyam kam hi likhe jaate the, par inse sabko bharosemand pahunch mili, aur har family ki apni zimmedariyan thi.

Madad karne wali communities

• Jhabua, Madhya Pradesh ke aas-paas Bhil saal-dar-saal paani ke gambhir sankat se jooj rahe the. Apni halma parampara ke hisaab se unhone saikdon gaon mein hazaaron ped lagaaye aur baarish ka paani bachaane ke liye khaaiyaan khodi, bina paise liye. 2019 mein Shivganga movement ke Mahesh Sharma ko Bhil communities ke saath kaam ke liye Padma Shri mila.
• 2015 ki Chennai baadh mein kai groups ne bade paimaane pe khana banaya aur zarooratmand logon ko baanta.
• Ahmedabad mein workshop chalaane wale Kamal Parmar ne kaam ke baad har shaam sadak ke bachchon ko padhaana shuru kiya aur unhe raat ka khana bhi diya. Jaldi hi 150 bachche roz aane lage, aur teachers aur bade students bhi unke saath jud gaye.

Nayi tarah ki communities

Shehron mein Residents’ Welfare Associations kachre, saaf common jagahon aur paaltu jaanwaron ke apne niyam banati hain, aur residents unhe banane mein hissa lete hain. Phir bhi aisi community saamaan ke liye vyapaariyon aur kachre ke liye municipal workers pe nirbhar hai, isliye communities paraspar nirbhar hain. ‘Community’ ek lachila shabd hai: iska matlab jaati, ya ek dharm, ilaake, kaam ya shauk ke log ho sakta hai, aur school mein tumhari class, sports team, NSS, NCC ya koi club.