Class 7 Science Chapter 10: Life Processes in Plants (Hinglish Notes)

Ye chapter kis baare mein hai?

Jaanwar khaana khaate hain, par paudhe kabhi khaate nahi dikhte. Phir bhi wo badhte hain: naye patte aur shaakhaayein aati hain, wo lambe hote hain aur unka tana mota hota hai. Ye chapter pata karta hai ki paudhon ko badhne ke liye kya chahiye, wo apna khaana kaise banaate hain, paani aur khaana unke andar kaise chalta hai, aur wo khaane ko energy ke liye kaise istemaal karte hain, bilkul jaanwaron ki tarah.

Paudhon ko badhne ke liye kya chahiye

Activity 10.1 mein teen ek jaise paudhe do hafte ugaaye jaate hain: gamla A dhoop mein paani ke saath, gamla B dhoop mein bina paani, aur gamla C andhere mein paani ke saath. Gamle A ka paudha hare patton ke saath achha badhta hai, gamle B ka murjha jaata hai aur mar sakta hai, aur gamle C ka kamzor ho jaata hai aur patte peele pad jaate hain. Yaani paudhon ko dhoop aur paani dono chahiye. Puraane Indian granth Vrikshayurveda mein bhi paudhon ki badhat, mitti aur khaad ke dhyaan se kiye gaye observations likhe hain.

Patte: khaane ki factory

Paudhe khaana starch ke roop mein jama karte hain, jo ek carbohydrate hai, aur ye patton mein banta hai. Patte aam taur pe chaude aur chapte hote hain, aur chlorophyll ki wajah se hare, jo dhoop pakadne waala pigment hai. Patte mein starch jaanchne ke liye use ubalte paani mein naram karo, garam paani mein rakhe alcohol mein uska hara rang hataao (seedhe aag pe kabhi nahi), aur patla iodine daalo: blue-black rang matlab starch.

Roshni, chlorophyll aur carbon dioxide

Hare aur safed dhabbon waale patte dikhaate hain ki starch kahan banta hai. Dhoop mein rakhe paudhe ke patte ke sirf hare hisse blue-black hote hain; 36 ghante andhere mein rakhe paudhe ke patte mein kuch nahi hota. Yaani starch wahin banta hai jahan chlorophyll ho, aur sirf roshni mein.

Hawa ka kaam jaanchne ke liye destarch kiye paudhe ke patte ka aadha hissa ek kati cork se caustic soda waali bottle mein daala jaata hai, jo carbon dioxide sokh leta hai. Kuch ghante dhoop ke baad bahar ka hissa starch banaata hai aur andar ka nahi: carbon dioxide zaroori hai.

Oxygen nikalti hai

Paani ke beaker mein funnel ke neeche rakha paani ka paudha dhoop mein bulbule chhodta hai, andhere mein nahi. Test tube mein jama gas mein jalti teeli aur tez jalti hai, isliye isme oxygen bharpoor hai.

Photosynthesis

Paudhe carbon dioxide aur paani se, dhoop aur chlorophyll ki madad se, khaana banaate hain aur oxygen chhodte hain. Ye photosynthesis hai: carbon dioxide + paani → glucose + oxygen (dhoop mein, chlorophyll ke saath). Glucose turant energy deta hai ya jama hone ke liye starch ban jaata hai. Patte iski main jagah hain, par saare hare hisse ye kar sakte hain. Gases stomata se aati-jaati hain, jo patte ki satah pe chhote ched hain. India mein R. H. Dastur ne study kiya ki paani, taapmaan aur roshni ka rang photosynthesis pe kya asar daalte hain. Aur padho photosynthesis kya hai? mein.

Paudhon mein transport

Jadein ghule minerals ke saath paani leti hain. Lal syahi waale paani mein rakhi tehni ki nasein aur pankhudiyan agle din tak laal ho jaati hain, aur kata tana laal dhabbe dikhata hai: rangeen paani xylem se upar chadhta hai. Patton mein bana khaana phloem se har hisse tak jaata hai, aur kuch jadon aur beejon mein jama hota hai. Dekho paudhon mein transport kaise hota hai?.

Paudhon mein respiration

Sabhi jeevit cheezon ki tarah paudhe bhi respiration karte hain. Band flask mein geeli rui pe rakhe bhigoye moong ke beej, ek din andhere mein rakhne pe, lime water ko doodhiya kar dete hain: wo carbon dioxide chhodte hain. Respiration mein glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + paani + energy, aur paudhe ka har hissa, hara ho ya nahi, ise har samay karta hai. Kamala Sohonie ko paudhon mein respiration pe kaam ke liye PhD mili, aur unhone baad mein paudhon se milne waale khaane ki poshak value badhaane pe kaam kiya. Padho kya paudhe saans lete hain?. Har sawaal ka jawab Chapter 10 ke NCERT solutions mein hai.