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Weather ke paanch elements

Short mein jawab

Weather ko paanch elements batate hain: temperature, yaani hawa kitni garam ya thandi hai; precipitation, yaani baarish, barf, sleet ya ole ke roop mein girta paani; atmospheric pressure, upar ki hawa ka wazan; hawa, jo high se low pressure ki taraf chalti hai; aur humidity, hawa mein bhaap. Paanchon jagah aur samay ke saath badalte rehte hain.

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Weather kya hai?

Weather ka naam lene se pehle hi tum use mehsoos karte ho: sardi ki subah kaanpte ho aur garmi mein halke kapde dhoondhte ho. Weather kisi khaas samay aur jagah pe Earth ke atmosphere ki halat hai. Atmosphere grah ke chaaron or gaison ki chaadar hai, jise hum hawa kehte hain. Parton waale cake ki tarah iski kai parten hain, aur sabse neeche ki parat, troposphere, mein zameen ke paudhe, jaanwar aur insaan rehte aur saans lete hain. Lagbhag saara weather yahin banta hai. Ye zameen se 6 se 18 km tak jaati hai: dhruvon pe kam, jahan thandi hawa sikudti hai, aur tropics pe zyaada, jahan garam hawa phailti hai.

Troposphere dhruvon pe lagbhag 6 km aur tropics pe 18 km moti, upar tropopause, stratosphere aur ozone layer
Earth ke chaaron or hawa ki parten

Paanch elements

Hum weather ko garam, thanda, baarish waala, baadal bhara, umas bhara, barfeela aur hawadaar jaise shabdon se batate hain. Har shabd weather ke paanch elements mein se kisi ek ke baare mein hai:

  • Temperature: hawa kitni garam ya thandi hai.
  • Precipitation: aasmaan se kisi bhi roop mein girta paani: baarish, barf, sleet (jami ya aadhi jami baarish) ya ole (barf ki chhoti sakht goliyan).
  • Atmospheric pressure: hamare upar ki hawa ka wazan, jo Earth ki satah pe mehsoos hota hai.
  • Hawa (wind): chalti hui hawa, uski speed aur disha.
  • Humidity: hawa mein bhaap (water vapour), yaani gas ke roop mein paani, ki maatra.
Weather ke paanch elements: har ek ka matlab, use naapne waala instrument aur unit
Weather ke paanch elements

Naapna kyun zaroori hai?

Socho, Chennai se Krishnan ka Kashmir mein Amir ko sandesh hai ki kal raat ki baarish ke baad thand ho gayi. Amir ko andaaza nahi lagta ki kitni thand hai, kyunki jo ek ko thanda lage wo doosre ko suhaana lag sakta hai. Agar Krishnan kahe ki 20°C hai, to dono ek hi sankhya samajhte hain. Har element ko sabki maani hui units mein naapne se jagahon aur dinon ki tulna hoti hai, aur meteorologists weather ka andaaza laga paate hain.

Oonchaai ke saath pressure

Toofaan se pehle hawa bhaari lag sakti hai; iska rishta atmospheric pressure se hai, yaani hamare upar aur aas-paas ki hawa ka dabaav. Ye tat pe zyaada aur pahaadon pe kam hota hai, jahan hawa patli hai. Patli hawa matlab har saans mein kam oxygen, isliye oonchaai pe log thake, chakkar ya saans phoolti mehsoos kar sakte hain, aur unhe raaste mein rukne ki salaah di jaati hai taaki shareer acclimatise ho sake, yaani nayi halat ka aadi ho jaaye. Ladakh ke Khardung La pe, samudra tal se 5,600 m se zyaada oonchaai pe, hamare sainik tainaat rehte hain, jahan pressure tat ke lagbhag 1013 ki jagah lagbhag 650 millibar hai. Maidaan ya tat pe bhi pressure achaanak gir sakta hai aur depression banta hai, ek low-pressure system jo toofaan ya cyclone ban sakta hai.

Tat ke upar zyaada hawa se lagbhag 1013 mb; Khardung La ke upar kam hawa se lagbhag 650 mb
Upar kam hawa, kam pressure

Hawa aur humidity

Hawa high pressure waale ilaake se low pressure waale ilaake ki taraf chalti hai, aur use uski speed aur disha se batate hain. Pilot, naavik aur kisaan ispe nazar rakhte hain, aur tez hawa mitti ko jaldi sukhaati hai. Bahut se beej apne rui jaise baalon ke saath hawa pe udte hain; hawa na ho to wo paudhe ke paas hi gir jaayenge.

Hawa high pressure waale ilaake se low pressure waale ilaake ki taraf chalti hai
Hawa: high se low pressure ki taraf

Humidity temperature, hawa, pressure aur jagah pe nirbhar karti hai. Jab hawa mein pehle se bahut bhaap ho, jaise baarish ke din, to paani dheere bhaap banta hai. Isliye sookhi hawa mein geele kapde jaldi sookhte hain, aur nam hawa mein paseena twacha pe tika rehta hai, isliye umas bhara din chipchipa lagta hai.

Jab ek element haavi ho

Alag samay pe alag element sabse zyaada maayne rakhta hai: July mein baarish, May aur December mein temperature, cyclone aane pe pressure, aur jab loo, yaani north India ki garmiyon ki tez, garam aur dhool bhari hawa, chalti hai ya jangal ki aag phailti hai tab hawa.

Jab ek element haavi hota hai: July mein baarish, May aur December mein temperature, cyclone mein pressure aur loo mein hawa
Ek element haavi ho sakta hai

Ye kyun zaroori hai

Weather ke elements samajhne se tum forecast padh paate ho, din ke hisaab se kapde chun paate ho aur chetaavni samajh paate ho. Har element kaise naapa jaata hai, ye weather ke instruments mein hai, aur readings forecast kaise banti hain, ye weather forecast kaise hota hai mein. Kitaab ke har sawaal ka jawab Chapter 2 ke NCERT solutions mein hai; poore Chapter 2 ke notes bhi dekho.

Practice karo

  1. Weather ka kaunsa element upar ki hawa ka wazan hai?

    1. (a) Humidity
    2. (b) Atmospheric pressure
    3. (c) Temperature
    4. (d) Precipitation
    Jawab dekho

    Jawab: (b) Atmospheric pressure

  2. Ole kya hain?

    1. (a) Bhaap
    2. (b) Jami ya aadhi jami baarish
    3. (c) Barf ki chhoti sakht goliyan jo baarish ki tarah girti hain
    4. (d) Garmi ki tez hawa
    Jawab dekho

    Jawab: (c) Barf ki chhoti sakht goliyan jo baarish ki tarah girti hain

  3. Hawa kis taraf chalti hai?

    1. (a) Low se high pressure ki taraf
    2. (b) High se low pressure ki taraf
    3. (c) Sirf samudra se
    4. (d) Sirf uttar se
    Jawab dekho

    Jawab: (b) High se low pressure ki taraf

  4. Khardung La jaisi oonchi jagahon pe saans kyun phoolti hai?

    Jawab dekho

    Jawab: Wahan hawa patli aur pressure kam hai (lagbhag 650 mb, jabki tat pe lagbhag 1013 mb), isliye har saans mein oxygen kam aati hai aur shareer ko zyaada mehnat karni padti hai.

  5. Krishnan ke hisaab se Chennai mein thand hai. Kashmir mein Amir ko kyun nahi pata chalta ki kitni thand hai?

    Jawab dekho

    Jawab: Thand ka ehsaas har kisi ka alag hai: jo Krishnan ko thanda lage wo Amir ko suhaana lag sakta hai. 20°C jaisa naapa hua temperature dono ko ek hi sankhya deta hai.

Students ke sawal

Weather ke elements kya hain?

Temperature, precipitation, atmospheric pressure, hawa aur humidity. Temperature batata hai hawa kitni garam ya thandi hai; precipitation aasmaan se girta koi bhi paani hai; pressure upar ki hawa ka wazan hai; hawa chalti hui hawa hai jiski speed aur disha hoti hai; aur humidity hawa mein bhaap ki maatra hai.

Atmosphere mein weather kahan banta hai?

Troposphere mein, jo zameen se shuru hone waali sabse neeche ki parat hai. Ye dhruvon pe, jahan thandi hawa sikudti hai, lagbhag 6 km moti hai, aur tropics pe, jahan garam hawa phailti hai, lagbhag 18 km. Iske upar stratosphere aur ozone layer hain.

Pahaad pe chadhte waqt atmospheric pressure kyun ghatta hai?

Pressure kisi jagah ke upar ki hawa ka wazan hai. Pahaad pe tumhare upar tat se kam hawa hoti hai, isliye pressure kam hai: tat pe lagbhag 1013 millibar aur Ladakh ke Khardung La pe, samudra tal se 5,600 m se zyaada oonchaai pe, lagbhag 650 millibar.

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