India ke samudri padosi

Samudra ke paar padosi

Samudri padosi wo desh hai jo saajha samudra ya mahasagar ke paar doosre desh ke saamne ho, chaahe koi zameeni seema na jode. Teen taraf samudra aur lagbhag 11,100 km ke samudri tat waale India ke kai aise padosi hain. Sadiyon tak samudra ek highway tha: kuch sadiyon BCE se Indian vyapaari sone ki talaash mein Java, Sumatra aur Malaya jaate the, aur in ilaakon ko Suvarnabhumi, yaani sone ki dharti, kehte the.

Sri Lanka aur Maldives

Sri Lanka India ke dakshin-poorab mein, Palk Strait ke paar sirf lagbhag 32 km door hai. 3rd century BCE mein Samrat Ashoka ke beta aur beti, Mahendra aur Sanghamitra, wahan Buddhism le gaye, aur Hindu mahakavya bhi wahan pahunche. 1980s ke beech se lagbhag 2010 tak chale grih yuddh mein kai Tamil parivaar Tamil Nadu aa gaye. Aaj dono desh vyapar, sanskriti aur suraksha mein sahyog karte hain.

Maldives, 1,100 se zyaada chhote dweep, Lakshadweep ke Minicoy se lagbhag 130 km door hai. Iski coconut curry aur roshi, Boduberu naach aur kai Dhivehi shabd dakshin India se jude hain: raajje (raja) aur mas (machhli) Sanskrit ke raja aur matsya jaise lagte hain. 1965 mein Maldives ki aazaadi pe use maanyata dene waale pehle deshon mein India tha, aur India ne 2004 ki tsunami, 2014 ke Male paani sankat aur COVID-19 mein madad ki. Badhta samudra in dweepon ke liye khatra hai, aur Maldives India ke shuru kiye International Solar Alliance mein shaamil hua hai.

Southeast Asia

Thailand India ke saath samudri seema saajha karta hai. Iski Dvaravati sanskriti ka naam Dvaraka pe aur Ayutthaya kingdom ka naam Ayodhya pe pada, Chakri vansh ke saare raja Rama kehlaate hain, aur Bangkok ke airport ka naam Suvarnabhumi hai. India–Myanmar–Thailand Trilateral Highway deshon ko sadak se jodega. Malaysia ne lagbhag 4th century CE mein Brahmi-adharit lipi apnaayi; iske lagbhag 9% log Indian mool ke hain. Singapuram, yaani ‘sher ka shehar’, se naam paane waale Singapore mein Tamil ek official bhasha hai aur ek Little India hai; ye India mein sabse bade videshi niveshakon mein se ek hai. Indonesia, kuch bade aur 17,000 se zyaada chhote dweepon ka archipelago, apni currency pe Garuda dikhata hai, Ramayana ka manchan karta hai, aur Borobudur Stupa ka ghar hai.

Iran aur Oman

Pashchim mein Iran Bronze Age se India se juda hai. Zoroastrianism ke pavitra granth Avesta ki Rigveda se samaanta hai, Persian bhasha India mein darbaar ki bhasha rahi, aur India Iran ko Chabahar port viksit karne mein madad kar raha hai. ‘Taambe ki dharti’ Oman ne 5,000 saal pehle Harappans ke saath vyapar kiya; iske 10% se zyaada log Indian mool ke hain, aur Gulf mein ye India ka sabse kareebi raksha saathi hai.

Milkar samudra ka saamna

26 December 2004 ko Indonesia ke paas samudra ke neeche aaye bhookamp se tsunami uthi jisne ilaake mein 2,00,000 se zyaada log maare, jinme lagbhag 15,000 India mein the. Iske baad India ne Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand aur doosron ke saath chetaavni network banaaya, aur Hyderabad ka Indian Tsunami Early Warning Centre ab padosiyon ko bhi chetaata hai.

Ye kyun zaroori hai

India ka zyaadatar vyapar samudra se hota hai, isliye dost samudri padosi matlab surakshit samudri raaste, vyapar aur aapda mein madad. Iski tulna India ke zameeni padosi se karo. Textbook ke sawaalon ke jawab Part 2 Chapter 2 ke NCERT solutions mein hain; poore Part 2 Chapter 2 ke notes dekho.