Polish bachche aur India mein Tibetan refugees

Yuddh se ghiri duniya mein panaah

Poland ki rajdhani Warsaw mein ek chowk ek Indian shaasak ke naam pe hai, Good Maharaja Square. Iski kahaani doosre vishwa yuddh (1939–1945) se judi hai. Poland pe hamla hua, parivaar bikhar gaye aur bahut se bachchon ke maa baap chhin gaye. Nawanagar, yaani aaj ke Gujarat ke Jamnagar, ke Maharaja Digvijaysinhji Ranjitsinhji Jadeja ka dil is dukh se pighal gaya. Unhone Red Cross aur doosri sansthaon ke saath milkar Polish bachchon ko bachaaya aur Jamnagar laaye, jahan unhe surakshit ghar, khaana aur dekhbhaal mili. 1942 se 1946 ke beech lagbhag ek hazaar Polish anaath bachchon ki jaan bachaane ka shrey unhe jaata hai, aur kai hazaar doosre Polish sharanarthiyon ka bhi unke rajya mein swaagat hua.

Yuddh khatm hone ke baad bachche aur doosre sharanarthi surakshit ghar laut gaye. 21st sadi ki shuruaat mein Poland ke President ne unki seva ko sammaan diya aur unke sammaan mein ek smaarak bana. Kuch saalon ke liye India un bachchon ka ghar se door ghar bana jinka sab kuch chhin gaya tha.

Tibet aur India, ek puraana rishta

Himalaya ke paar “Land of Snows” kehlaane waala Tibet India ka uttari padosi hai. 7th sadi mein uske raja ne Buddha ki seekh apnaayi, aur dheere dheere wahan Buddhism phaila. 12th aur 13th sadi mein jab poorvi India mein Turko-Afghan hamlon ne Nalanda aur Buddhism ke doosre shiksha kendra nasht kar diye, tab kai bhikshu keemti Sanskrit pandulipiyan lekar Tibet chale gaye. 15th sadi se Dalai Lamas, jinme har ek ko pichhle ka punarjanm maana jaata hai, ki bhoomika badhi, aur 17th sadi ke beech se wo Tibet pe raaj karne lage.

1959: Dalai Lama ki sharan

1950 se People’s Republic of China ne kai lehron mein Tibet pe kabza kiya aur aakhir use apne mein mila liya. 1959 mein Lhasa mein Chinese maujoodgi ke khilaaf janata ke vidroh ke baad 14th Dalai Lama ko Himalaya paar India jaane ki salaah di gayi, aur India ne unhe sharan di. Tab se wo Himachal Pradesh ke Dharamshala mein sammaanit mehmaan ki tarah rehte hain, aur Central Tibetan Administration wahan se government-in-exile ki tarah kaam karti hai. Wo apni Four Commitments ke liye jaane jaate hain: maanav moolya, dharmon mein sadbhaav, Tibetan sanskriti aur India ki virasat ko phir jagaana.

Doosra ghar banaana

Indian sarkaar ne Tibetan sharanarthiyon ka punarvaas kiya, unke bachchon ko padhaaya aur Tibetan bastiyan banaane mein madad ki, taaki samudaay India ko doosra ghar bana sake aur apni bhasha, sanskriti aur virasat bhi bachaaye. Tibet jaise math banaaye gaye, khaas kar Karnataka mein, jaise Bylakuppe mein, taaki bhikshu bina darr apna jeevan jee sakein. Gair sarkaari sansthaon ne rozgaar dhoondhne mein madad ki, aur Tibetan bazaar aaj Goa tak dikhte hain. Samay ke saath Tibetans Indian samaaj ka hissa ban gaye hain.

Ilaaj ki kala

1959 ke kuch hi samay baad Tibetans ne apni chikitsa paddhati Sowa Rigpa, yaani ilaaj ki kala, phailaani shuru ki. Ise 8th sadi CE mein Lhasa ke paas vyavasthit kiya gaya tha, aur isme Ayurveda ke saath China, Central Asia, Persia aur Greece ke vichaar mile hain. Dharamshala ka Men-Tsee-Khang ise lambi bimaariyon ke ilaaj mein use karta hai, aur ab ye sarkaar ke AYUSH programme mein Ayurveda, Yoga aur Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha aur Homoeopathy ke saath shaamil hai.

Ye kyun zaroori hai

Dono kahaaniyan mushkil samay mein di gayi panaah dikhati hain, ek akele shaasak ki aur poore desh ki. Inki tulna puraane aagman se jinhone India ko ghar banaaya mein karo, aur inke peechhe ke moolya vasudhaiva kutumbakam ka matlab mein padho. Textbook ke sawaalon ke jawab Part 2 Chapter 5 ke NCERT solutions mein hain; poore Part 2 Chapter 5 ke notes dekho.