India ke samudri tat aur dweep
Short mein jawab
India ka samudri tat 7,500 km se lamba hai. Gujarat se Kerala tak ke patle west coast ki chhoti, tez nadiyan estuary banaati hain; chaude east coast ki badi nadiyan upjaau delta banaati hain, aur wahan Chilika jaise lagoon hain. Do dweep samooh bhi hain: Lakshadweep ke coral dweep aur Andaman aur Nicobar ke jwaalaamukhi dweep.
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Hairaaniyon se bhara samudri tat
Kitaab ke mutaabik India ka samudri tat 7,500 km se lamba hai (Extra: 2024 mein zyaada baareek naksho se dobara ginti mein ye lagbhag 11,098 km nikla). Iske kinaare sunehri aur kaali ret ke beach, chattaani kinaare, hare jangal, coral reef aur vyast bandargah milte hain. Prayadweep ke dono kinaare kaafi alag hain, peechhe ki pahaadiyon aur unhe paar karne waali nadiyon ki wajah se.
West coast
West coast Gujarat se Kerala tak jaata hai, Maharashtra, Goa aur Karnataka se hokar. Yahan Western Ghats Arabian Sea ke paas khade hain, isliye coastal patti patli hai. Ghats se nikalne waali nadiyan chhoti hain aur tez behti hain; unhe bade delta banaane ka samay nahi milta, isliye wo estuary se samudra mein milti hain, yaani ek chaude muhaane se jahan nadi aur samudra ka paani milta hai. Narmada aur Tapti ke estuary sabse bade hain. Kinaare pe cove aur creek bhi hain, aur iske bandargah aur shehar, jaise India ka financial centre Mumbai, hazaaron saal se vyaapaar ke kendra rahe hain.
East coast
East coast Ganga delta se Kanyakumari tak jaata hai, peechhe Eastern Ghats aur saamne Bay of Bengal. Iske maidaan chaude hain, aur samudra tak pahunchte pahunchte iski nadiyan lambi aur dheemi ho jaati hain. Wo apni mitti chhodkar kai chhoti dhaaraon mein bant jaati hain, jinhe distributaries kehte hain, aur delta banaati hain: pankhe ya tribhuj jaisi bahut upjaau zameen. Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna aur Kaveri ke delta bahut achhi kheti ki zameen hain.
East coast pe lagoon bhi hain, yaani paani ke aise hisse jo samudra se kisi prakritik deewar, jaise ret ki patti, se alag ho gaye hain. Chilika Lake aur Pulicat Lake jaane-maane udaaharan hain.
Do dweep samooh
India ke dweep Bay of Bengal aur Arabian Sea, dono mein hain. Kerala ke Malabar coast ke paas Lakshadweep coral se bane 36 dweepon ka archipelago hai; inme se sirf kuch pe log rehte hain. Ye dweep India ko machhli pakadne, sansaadhan khojne aur paryaavaran bachaane ke liye samudra ka bahut bada hissa bhi dete hain.
Andaman aur Nicobar isse kahin bada archipelago hai: 500 se zyaada chhote-bade jwaalaamukhi dweep, do samoohon mein. Bay of Bengal mein door bane ye dweep samudra pe India ki chaukiyon jaise hain. Yahan bahut tarah ke paudhe, jaanwar aur coral reef hain, aur Barren Island India ka akela sakriya jwaalaamukhi hai. Andaman ki Cellular Jail, jahan kai swatantrata senaaniyon ne kathor qaid jheli, aaj unke balidaan ki yaad mein sambhaal kar rakhi gayi hai.
Sundarbans
Jahan Ganga, Brahmaputra aur unki sahaayak nadiyan Bay of Bengal tak pahunchti hain, wahan ek vishaal delta banta hai. Iska dakshini hissa Sundarbans hai, nadiyon, samudra aur dweepon ki bhool-bhulaiyaan jo mangrove jangal se dhaki hai. Iska lagbhag aadha India mein aur baaki Bangladesh mein hai. Ye UNESCO World Heritage Site hai, jahan kai jeev rehte hain, unme Royal Bengal Tiger bhi.
Ye kyun zaroori hai
Tat aur dweep India ko machhli, bandargah, vyaapaar, paryatan aur samudra ka bada hissa dete hain, aur inke delta karodon logon ka pet bharte hain. Baaki zameen kaise judti hai ye India ke physical features aur Himalaya kaise bane mein dekho. Kitaab ke har sawaal ka jawab Chapter 1 ke NCERT solutions mein hai; poore Chapter 1 ke notes bhi dekho.
Practice karo
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West coast pe sabse bade estuary mein se ek kis nadi ka hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (b) Narmada
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Chilika Lake kiska udaaharan hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (b) Lagoon
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Lakshadweep kisse bana hai?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: (b) Arabian Sea ke coral dweep
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East coast ke delta kheti ke liye achhe kyun hain?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: Samudra tak pahunchkar nadiyan apni baareek, khanijon se bhari mitti chhod deti hain, jisse bahut upjaau samtal zameen banti hai. Nadiyon aur unki dhaaraon ka paani bhi paas hi milta hai.
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Andaman aur Nicobar dweep India ke liye zaroori kyun hain?
Jawab dekho
Jawab: Ye Bay of Bengal mein bahut door hain, isliye samudra pe nazar rakhne waali chaukiyon jaisa kaam karte hain, aur paas mein Navy ke thikaane hain. Yahan bahut tarah ke jeev aur coral reef hain, aur Cellular Jail bhi, jahan swatantrata senaaniyon ko qaid kiya gaya tha.
Students ke sawal
India ke west aur east coast mein kya farq hai?
Gujarat se Kerala tak ka west coast patla hai kyunki Western Ghats samudra ke paas hain; iski chhoti, tez nadiyan estuary, creek aur cove banaati hain. Ganga delta se Kanyakumari tak ka east coast chauda hai, aur iski badi nadiyan bade delta aur lagoon banaati hain.
Delta kya hai, aur India mein kaunsi nadiyan delta banaati hain?
Delta pankhe ya tribhuj jaisi zameen hai jo tab banti hai jab nadi dheemi hokar apni mitti chhodti hai aur samudra mein jaane se pehle kai chhoti dhaaraon mein bant jaati hai. East coast pe Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna aur Kaveri delta banaati hain, aur Ganga aur Brahmaputra Sundarbans ka vishaal delta banaati hain.
India ka akela sakriya jwaalaamukhi kaunsa hai?
Andaman aur Nicobar mein Barren Island. Ye ab bhi kabhi kabhi phatta hai aur aasmaan mein dhuaan aur lava phenkta hai.
Koi sawal atak gaya?
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