Bhedbhaav aur samaavesh

Bhedbhaav kaisa dikhta hai

Sanya school ke naatak mein audition dena chaahti thi, par kuch sahpaathiyon ne bud-budaaya ki wo lead actor jaisi ‘dikhti’ nahi aur chhota role le. Usne phir bhi audition diya, apne aatmavishvaas bhare abhinay se teachers ko prabhaavit kiya aur ek mahatvapoorn role paaya. Baad mein drama teacher ne class ko bataaya ki kisi ko roop-rang se jaanchna ya baahar rakhna anuchit hai, bhedbhaav ka ek roop: mayne rakhti hai pratibha aur mehnat, shakal nahi.

Bhedbhaav ka matlab hai kisi vyakti ya samooh se uski pehchaan ki wajah se bura vyavhaar, jaise jaati, dharm, nasl, viklaangta, roop-rang, ling, kaamukta ya parivaar ki aamdani ke kaaran. Ye naitik roop se galat aur kaanoon ke khilaaf hai. Ye nishaana bane vyakti ya samooh ko man aur shareer dono se chot pahunchaata hai, aur poore samaaj ko nuksaan pahunchaata hai. Ye ek saamaajik deewar bhi khadi karta hai jo logon ko apne Maulik Adhikaaron ka faayda uthaane se rokti hai. Chapter ye bhi kehta hai ki bhedbhaav karne waale Samvidhaan ke mool, samaan aur ekta, ko todte hain, aur isliye naitik roop se sakriya naagrik nahi rehte.

Dikhne wala aur chhupa

Kuch bhedbhaav khule mein hota hai. Rohan ka uske vazan ke liye mazaak udaaya jaata hai, use ek naam diya jaata hai aur football se baahar rakha jaata hai, sab dekh rahe hote hain. Kuch bhedbhaav chupchaap hota hai. Mina school trip ka kharcha nahi utha sakti thi, to kuch dost use nazarandaaz karne lage aur fusfusaane lage ki wo ‘mazedaar nahi’ ya ‘unke status ki nahi’. Ghuma-phiraakar kiya gaya bhedbhaav, jaise taane ya kisi ko pehchaan, roop ya maani gayi kaabiliyat ki wajah se project ya jashn mein shaamil na karna, saabit karna mushkil hai aur isliye saza dena bhi mushkil hai.

Do mahilaayein jinhone haar nahi maani

19vi sadi ke beech mein Savitribai Phule ne ladkiyon ke liye school khola, jab kai log maante the ki ladkiyon ko padhna nahi chahiye. Log is baat se aur bhi chaunke ki wo Mali samudaay se thi, jise tab neechi jaati maana jaata tha. Unhe gaaliyaan di gayi aur school jaate samay un par keechad phenka gaya, phir bhi wo lagi rahi, aur apne pati Jyotiba Phule ke saath ladkiyon aur har varg ke bachchon tak shiksha pahunchaane ka kaam kiya.

Anandibai Joshi ki shaadi 1874 mein nau saal ki umar mein hui, aur unka bachcha ilaaj ki kami se janm ke kuch hi samay baad chal basa. Unhone doctor banne ki thaani, bhaari virodh jhela, aur Woman’s Medical College of Pennsylvania mein padhai ki. Wo graduate hui, par jaldi hi ek beemaari se unki mrityu ho gayi.

Samaavesh ka matlab

Smt. Amita ne dekha ki library se kam kitaabein li ja rahi thi aur unhone reading club shuru kiya, par sirf aatmavishvaasi English padhne waale hi jude. Jab unhone kshetriya bhasha ki kitaabein, saath mein us kshetra ki kahaani sunaana aur kathputli jodi, to sadasyata badh gayi aur saare bachche shaamil hue, bhasha par pakad chaahe jaisi ho.

Samaavesh ka matlab hai schoolon aur samudaayon ko aisa banaana ki har vyakti swaagat, samaan aur mahatva mehsoos kare, aur sabko barabar mauke milein. Ye un samoohon ke liye sabse zaroori hai jo pehle saamaajik ya aarthik wajah se baahar rakhe gaye. Ye aarakshan se aage jaata hai: alag bhasha bolne waalon ko baat karne mein madad, har jaati, dharm aur prishthbhoomi ke vidyaarthiyon ka swaagat, braille kitaabein, ramp aur class mein sahaara jaisi atirikt madad, aur hissa lene ki rukaavatein hataana.

Samaanta se samaavesh tak

Samaanta sabko ek jaisi madad deti hai, aur samata har vyakti ko uski zaroorat ki. Samaavesh ek kadam aage jaakar rukaavat hi hata deta hai. Book ki cricket match wali tasveer mein deewar hai hi nahi, isliye sab bina kisi box ke match dekh rahe hain; uski playground wali tasveeron mein wheelchair wala ek bachcha kinaare se dekhne ki jagah sabke saath khelne lagta hai.

Hum mein se har koi kya kar sakta hai

Class mein alag tarah se seekhne wale sahpaathi ke saath dhairya rakhiye, saaf samjhaaiye aur dhyaan rakhiye ki sabko bolne ka mauka mile. Class ke baahar anyaay dikhe to boliye, mazaak udaane mein shaamil mat hoiye, aur doosron ko samaan mehsoos karaaiye. Bhedbhaav rokne aur samaavesh laane ke liye logon aur sansthaon, dono ko soch-samajhkar kadam uthaane padte hain.

Aur padhein: naagrik kaun hai?, Maulik adhikaar aur kartavya, chapter ke notes aur NCERT solutions.